Effect of temperature on the starch content of potato callus tissue

Hagen, Steven R.; Muneta, Paul; LeTourneau, Duane; Brown, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02853899

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However it is comparable to the starch content in the early developmental stages of the grain [26,27]. Similar amounts of starch were also found in potato and sweet potato callus tissue, and in suspension cell cultures of rice [9,10,21,23,28]. As reported above, the actual amount of starch which could be purified from callus was 5 – 10 mg per 1 g dw (0.5–1% w/w), which suggests that more than 75% of the starch is lost during the purification process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Barley callus: a model system for bioengineering of starch in cereals

et al. 2012

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BackgroundStarch is the most important source of calories for human nutrition and the majority of it is produced by cereal farming. Starch is also used as a renewable raw material in a range of industrial sectors. It can be chemically modified to introduce new physicochemical properties. In this way starch is adapted to a variety of specific end-uses. Recombinant DNA technologies offers an alternative to starch industrial processing. The plant biosynthetic pathway can be manipulated to design starches with novel structure and improved technological properties. In the future this may reduce or eliminate the economical and environmental costs of industrial modification. Recently, many advances have been achieved to clarify the genetic mechanism that controls starch biosynthesis. Several genes involved in the synthesis and modification of complex carbohydrates in many organisms have been identified and cloned. This knowledge suggests a number of strategies and a series of candidate genes for genetic transformation of crops to generate new types of starch-based polymers. However transformation of cereals is a slow process and there is no easy model system available to test the efficiency of candidate genes in planta.ResultsWe explored the possibility to use transgenic barley callus generated from immature embryo for a fast test of transgenic modification strategies of starch biosynthesis. We found that this callus contains 4% (w/w dw) starch granules, which we could modify by generating fully transgenic calli by Agrobacterium-transformation. A Green Fluorescent Protein reporter protein tag was used to identify and propagate only fully transgenic callus explants. Around 1 – 1.5 g dry weight of fully transgenic callus could be produced in 9 weeks. Callus starch granules were smaller than endosperm starch granules and contained less amylose. Similarly the expression profile of starch biosynthesis genes were slightly different in callus compared with developing endosperm.ConclusionsIn this study we have developed an easy and rapid in planta model system for starch bioengineering in cereals. We suggest that this method can be used as a time-efficient model system for fast screening of candidate genes for the generation of modified starch or new types of carbohydrate polymers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Barley callus: a model system for bioengineering of starch in cereals

et al. 2012

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“…However, callus derived from tuber tissue has shown promise as an easily controlled, low cost, rapid turnover model experimental system (Pollock & ap Rees 1975a;Shaw et al 1976). Tuber callus tissue exhibits changes in sugars and starch in response to temperature which roughly parallel those which occur in tubers (Hagen et al 1991;Muneta et al 1990). Results with potato callus also suggest that low temperature (2°C) incubation reduces glycolytic activity in relation to other metabolism of hexose phosphates (Pollock & ap Rees 1975c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…However, picloram did not promote starch formation (Hagen et al 1991), so additional experiments were conducted to develop a starch forming medium (with 20% w/v sucrose and no growth regulators) that enhanced callus starch synthesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Callus tissue from each bottle was analyzed for dry matter, reducing and non-reducing sugar, and starch content as previously described (Hagen et al 1991;, except that 2 extractions with 0.3 N NaOH were used during the starch analysis. Additional tissue (1 g FW) from each bottle was ground in 5 ml of ice cold 100 mM Tris-HC1 (pH 8.0), 5 mM DTT, i mM EDTA, 5 mM MgCI2, and 1% (w/v) PVP-40 in an all glass homogenizer at 5°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of temperature on carbohydrate content, ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase, and ATP- and PPi-dependent phosphofructokinase activity of potato tuber callus tissue

Hagen

Muneta

1993

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Callus derived from Lemhi Russet and Russet Burbank tuber tissue was incubated at 20°C and 30°C on a high sucrose medium for starch-formation and subjected to simulated storage and reconditioning treatments at 5°C and 25°C after transfer of the callus to a medium without a carbon source. Percent dry weight of callus from both cultivars averaged about 21% after starch formation and 5% after storage and reconditioning treatments. Total sugars were higher in callus incubated on the starch forming treatment.

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“…As part of a comparative study of potato tuber carbohydrate metabolism, we have used callus derived from tubers of several cultivars for use as a model system Hagen et al 1991). Experiments were conducted to measure the stability and utilization of picloram, vitamins, and sucrose in the tissue culture medium used for callus subculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability and utilization of picloram, vitamins, and sucrose in a tissue culture medium

Hagen

Muneta

Augustin

et al. 1991

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Nicotinic acid, pyridoxine, and picloram were stable in a liquid MS culture medium (pH 5.5-5.6) during autoclaving and during cell-free incubation in the dark at 5°C or 25°C for up to 6 weeks. Thiamine loss under the same conditions was 16% at 5°C and 18% at 25°C. Five percent of the sucrose in the liquid medium was hydrolyzed during autoclaving. During cell-free incubation in the light (100 #E m 2 s ~) at 25°C, pyridoxine was not detected after 6 days, while 78% of the picloram and 56% of the thiamine were degraded after 6 weeks. All of the niacin and pyridoxine, 13 % of the picloram and 42% of the thiamine in a liquid MS culture medium were utilized in 4 days by potato (cv. Lemhi Russet) tuber suspension cultures growing in the dark at 25°C.

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Effect of temperature on the starch content of potato callus tissue

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Barley callus: a model system for bioengineering of starch in cereals

Barley callus: a model system for bioengineering of starch in cereals

Effect of temperature on carbohydrate content, ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase, and ATP- and PPi-dependent phosphofructokinase activity of potato tuber callus tissue

Stability and utilization of picloram, vitamins, and sucrose in a tissue culture medium

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