Effect of temperature on the oxygen reduction reaction kinetic at nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for fuel cell cathode

Wong, Wai Yin; Daud, Wan Ramli Wan; Mohamad, Abu Bakar; Loh, Kee Shyuan

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.06.006

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The values of the half wave potentials ranged from 0.66 to 0.79 V. Among all, Fe/ChoCl/RGO achieved the highest half wave potential at 0.84 V, and the difference from Pt/C (ΔE 1/2 ) was only −56.1 mV, which was considerably small, indicating its potential as an active ORR catalyst. RGO 900 shows much lower onset potentials and the absence of a limiting current density at potentials below 0.5 V, which indicates insufficient and unevenly distributed active sites on the defective carbon surface . Furthermore, this confirms that RGO SW has similar kinetic properties as oxidized graphene, as previously reported by Jiao and his coworker …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…

η = a \log j_{o} - b \log j_{k}

where η is the thermodynamic overpotential, j k is the kinetic current density (mA/cm 2 ), b is Tafel slope (mV/dec), a is constant, and j o is the exchange current density (mA/cm 2 ). The transfer coefficient, α, was derived from Tafel slope using Equation :

normalb = - \frac{2.303 italicRT}{\propto italicnF}

where R is the gas constant (8.314 J/K.mol), T is operating temperature (K), and F is Faraday's constant (96 485 C/mol). Stability was conducted using chronoamperometry technique with working electrode rotated at 1600 rpm in O 2 ‐saturated environment for 16 000 seconds.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noble‐free oxygen reduction reaction catalyst supported on Sengon wood ( Paraserianthes falcataria L. ) derived reduced graphene oxide for fuel cell application

et al. 2019

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Summary Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has progressed as one of key emerging carbon for catalyst support material. As an alternative to the conventional RGO precursor, biomass Sengon wood was converted into RGO for use as a noble metal free catalyst support in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This work intends to reveal the applicability of Sengon wood‐derived RGO in anchoring/doping iron and nitrogen particles onto its surface and to study its ORR performance in a half‐cell environment. Thin‐sheet layer and highly defective (ID/IG) was gradually obtained at elevated pyrolysis temperature of Sengon wood graphene oxide (GO) at range 700°C to 900°C. As prepared RGO was further doped into catalyst (Fe/N/RGO) through the same pyrolysis procedure at a selected temperature after mixing the GO powder with iron chloride and different nitrogen precursors (urea, choline chloride, and polyaniline) at a fixed ratio. The ORR activity reached a current density up to 2.43 mA/cm2, which in conjunction with smooth multilayer sheet morphology and high graphitic‐N content as the active sites. Stability analysis indicated an 85% current efficiency and only 0.03 V reduction in onset potential on methanol resistant test for Fe/ChoCl/RGO catalyst. This study revealed that Sengon wood‐derived RGO successfully supported Fe‐N‐C catalyst which showed comparable oxygen reduction activity to Pt/C.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…

η = a \log j_{o} - b \log j_{k}

normalb = - \frac{2.303 italicRT}{\propto italicnF}

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noble‐free oxygen reduction reaction catalyst supported on Sengon wood ( Paraserianthes falcataria L. ) derived reduced graphene oxide for fuel cell application

et al. 2019

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“…The mechanism of ORR has been extensively investigated in the past. 15,16,25,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] It is known that platinum nanoparticles can catalyze ORR. [26][27][28] Although nanoparticles with smaller size, around 1 nm, cannot efficiently catalyze ORR due to poisoning, 29 it has been shown that Pt subnano clusters catalyze ORR at even higher rate than nanoparticles.…”

Section: Table Of Content Graphicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Subnanometer Pt Clusters Can Break the Scaling Relationships in Catalysis

Zandkarimi

Alexandrova

2019

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

112

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Scaling relationships in catalysis impose fundamental limitations on the catalyst maximal performance, and so there is a continuous hunt for ways of circumventing them. We show that, at the subnano-scale, scaling relationships can be broken through catalyst dynamics.Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which can be catalyzed by Pt nanoparticles, is used as our study case. Subnanometer gas phase and graphene-deposited Pt n cluster catalysts are shown to exhibit poor correlation between binding energies of intermediates, O, OH, and OOH, involved in the scaling relationships for ORR. The effect is due to the highly fluxional behavior of subnanometer clusters, which easily adapt their structures to the bound adsorbates and varying coverage, and in some cases even reshaping the structure upon changing environment. This fluxional behavior is also commonplace for clusters, and contrasts them to extended surfaces, suggesting that breaking scaling relationships is likely a rule more than an exception in nanocluster catalysis.

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“…Thus, in spite of the high nitrogen content in N‐GO/fCNT* slight decrease in active sites for ORR was observed due to the absence of pyridinic‐N‐O. This pyridinic‐N‐O shows an interesting electrochemical mechanism during ORR, since oxide shows an electron‐withdrawing effect from nitrogen which results in the development of a partial positive charge on nitrogen 41 . As mentioned before, N‐GO/fCNT* does not show such oxidic‐N functionalities due to depletion of oxygen (formation of incombustible gases from melamine foam) at the reaction zone during synthesis 42 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen doping derived bridging of graphene and carbon nanotube composite for oxygen electroreduction

Marbaniang

Kapse

Ingavale

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary In this work, we report a cost‐effective electro‐catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by developing a composite between graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes and simultaneously doping with a nitrogen atom. The nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotube/graphene oxide composites were prepared by chemical oxidation method followed by annealing process. Such composite enhances the active adsorption sites, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance leading to better impact toward ORR. The N‐graphene oxide/functionalized carbon nanotube catalyst that furnishes both pyridinic‐N and pyridinic‐N‐O (or oxidic‐N) shows higher efficiency toward electrocatalytic ORR performance in alkaline conditions. More interestingly, as‐prepared electrocatalyst shows durability test up to 20 000 potential cycles without loss in its half‐wave potential (Ehalf) while commercial Pt/C catalyst shows a huge loss in Ehalf value under similar conditions, indicating sustainability in the performance of former, especially compared to the reported metal or metal‐free electrocatalysts. The origin of high catalytic activity of oxidic‐N is correlated with π‐electron density at the Fermi level studied by density functional theory and considered as an electronic descriptor.

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Effect of temperature on the oxygen reduction reaction kinetic at nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for fuel cell cathode

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Noble‐free oxygen reduction reaction catalyst supported on Sengon wood ( Paraserianthes falcataria L. ) derived reduced graphene oxide for fuel cell application

Noble‐free oxygen reduction reaction catalyst supported on Sengon wood ( Paraserianthes falcataria L. ) derived reduced graphene oxide for fuel cell application

Dynamics of Subnanometer Pt Clusters Can Break the Scaling Relationships in Catalysis

Nitrogen doping derived bridging of graphene and carbon nanotube composite for oxygen electroreduction

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