Effect of temperature on survival, intermolt period, and growth of juveniles of two mud crab species, Scylla paramamosain and Scylla serrata (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae), under laboratory conditions
“…Thus, interspecific variation in the low-temperature adaptation by evaluating CLT and LTT values was equivalent in two mud crab species: juveniles of S. paramamosain adapted to lower temperature conditions than those of S. serrata. Sanda et al (2022) also documented that the survival rate of S. paramamosain juveniles declined to 30-40% until C5 at 29.8°C, whereas all S. serrata juveniles survived to C5 even at 30.5°C, suggesting that juveniles of S. serrata adapt to higher temperature conditions than those of S. paramamosain. In our high-temperature tolerance experiments, CHT values for locomotor activity could not be estimated, as almost all surviving juveniles exhibited walking behaviour, whereas the estimated CHT values for survival were summarised as 39.0± 0.4°C in S. paramamosain and 39.1±0.6°C in S. serrata.…”
Section: ■ Discussionmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…In the low-temperature tolerance experiment, the walking and survival rates of juveniles largely declined below -10°C in both species, and the estimated CLT values were summarised for locomotor activity as 8.4 ±0.7°C and 9.6±0.6°C and those for survival as 6.4±0.9°C and 7.4±0.4°C in S. paramamosain and S. serrata, respectively. Sanda et al (2022) reported that when C1 juveniles of S. paramamosain and S. serrata were reared at -15-30°C, S. paramamosain could moult to C2 at 15.4°C, whereas S. serrata could not moult to C2 at 15.2°C. Additionally, the lower threshold temperature (LTT) (95% confidence interval) for juvenile development was estimated as 13.7°C (13.5-13.8°C) for S. paramamosain and 15.4°C (15.1-15.7°C) for S. serrata.…”
Section: ■ Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Temperature tolerance experiments were conducted using laboratory-raised juvenile crabs in 2018-2021. Larvae were cultured to moult to C1 juveniles according to the method of Sanda et al (2022) at the Yaeyama Field Station, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Ishigaki, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Juvenile crabs were kept individually in plastic containers with lids (6.5 cm diameter and 7 cm height or 16 cm length, 10 cm width and 8 cm height), which were submerged in tanks with a flow-through water system of 300 L volume at natural temperature (mean± standard deviation, 25.2±2.7°C) and salinity (34-35 ppt) conditions.…”
Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We previously investigated the temperature adaptations of S. paramamosain and S. serrata by culturing C1 juveniles to moult to C2-C5 at different temperatures (-15-30°C) (Sanda et al, 2022). The C1 juveniles of S. paramamosain could moult to C2 at 15.4°C and the survival rate was reduced at 29.8°C through C4-C5, whereas the C1 juveniles of S. serrata could not moult to C2 at 15.2°C and the survival rate was not affected by temperature thereafter.…”
Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors affecting the geographic distribution of ectotherms. We evaluated the low-and high-temperature tolerance limits of juveniles of two mud crab species, Scylla paramamosain and Scylla serrata, which are distributed in temperate and subtropical/tropical areas in Japan, respectively. Experiments were performed twice for S. paramamosain and four times for S. serrata using laboratory-raised juveniles. The juveniles were stocked in small containers, and the temperature was reduced or raised by 1°C every 24 h. The critical low or high temperatures (CLT or CHT) were estimated as the temperatures at which 50% of test juveniles ceased walking behaviour or died. The estimated CLT values for walking and survival were summarised as 8.4±0.7°C (mean±standard deviation) and 6.4±0.9°C in S. paramamosain and 9.6±0.6°C and 7.4±0.4°C in S. serrata, respectively. The CHT for walking could not be estimated, as almost all surviving juveniles exhibited walking behaviour, whereas the estimated CHT values for survival were summarised as 39.0±0.4°C in S. paramamosain and 39.1±0.6°C in S. serrata. Thus, interspecific variation in low-temperature adaptation was evident, and S. paramamosain are adapted to the lower-temperature environment.
“…Thus, interspecific variation in the low-temperature adaptation by evaluating CLT and LTT values was equivalent in two mud crab species: juveniles of S. paramamosain adapted to lower temperature conditions than those of S. serrata. Sanda et al (2022) also documented that the survival rate of S. paramamosain juveniles declined to 30-40% until C5 at 29.8°C, whereas all S. serrata juveniles survived to C5 even at 30.5°C, suggesting that juveniles of S. serrata adapt to higher temperature conditions than those of S. paramamosain. In our high-temperature tolerance experiments, CHT values for locomotor activity could not be estimated, as almost all surviving juveniles exhibited walking behaviour, whereas the estimated CHT values for survival were summarised as 39.0± 0.4°C in S. paramamosain and 39.1±0.6°C in S. serrata.…”
Section: ■ Discussionmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…In the low-temperature tolerance experiment, the walking and survival rates of juveniles largely declined below -10°C in both species, and the estimated CLT values were summarised for locomotor activity as 8.4 ±0.7°C and 9.6±0.6°C and those for survival as 6.4±0.9°C and 7.4±0.4°C in S. paramamosain and S. serrata, respectively. Sanda et al (2022) reported that when C1 juveniles of S. paramamosain and S. serrata were reared at -15-30°C, S. paramamosain could moult to C2 at 15.4°C, whereas S. serrata could not moult to C2 at 15.2°C. Additionally, the lower threshold temperature (LTT) (95% confidence interval) for juvenile development was estimated as 13.7°C (13.5-13.8°C) for S. paramamosain and 15.4°C (15.1-15.7°C) for S. serrata.…”
Section: ■ Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Temperature tolerance experiments were conducted using laboratory-raised juvenile crabs in 2018-2021. Larvae were cultured to moult to C1 juveniles according to the method of Sanda et al (2022) at the Yaeyama Field Station, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Ishigaki, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Juvenile crabs were kept individually in plastic containers with lids (6.5 cm diameter and 7 cm height or 16 cm length, 10 cm width and 8 cm height), which were submerged in tanks with a flow-through water system of 300 L volume at natural temperature (mean± standard deviation, 25.2±2.7°C) and salinity (34-35 ppt) conditions.…”
Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We previously investigated the temperature adaptations of S. paramamosain and S. serrata by culturing C1 juveniles to moult to C2-C5 at different temperatures (-15-30°C) (Sanda et al, 2022). The C1 juveniles of S. paramamosain could moult to C2 at 15.4°C and the survival rate was reduced at 29.8°C through C4-C5, whereas the C1 juveniles of S. serrata could not moult to C2 at 15.2°C and the survival rate was not affected by temperature thereafter.…”
Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors affecting the geographic distribution of ectotherms. We evaluated the low-and high-temperature tolerance limits of juveniles of two mud crab species, Scylla paramamosain and Scylla serrata, which are distributed in temperate and subtropical/tropical areas in Japan, respectively. Experiments were performed twice for S. paramamosain and four times for S. serrata using laboratory-raised juveniles. The juveniles were stocked in small containers, and the temperature was reduced or raised by 1°C every 24 h. The critical low or high temperatures (CLT or CHT) were estimated as the temperatures at which 50% of test juveniles ceased walking behaviour or died. The estimated CLT values for walking and survival were summarised as 8.4±0.7°C (mean±standard deviation) and 6.4±0.9°C in S. paramamosain and 9.6±0.6°C and 7.4±0.4°C in S. serrata, respectively. The CHT for walking could not be estimated, as almost all surviving juveniles exhibited walking behaviour, whereas the estimated CHT values for survival were summarised as 39.0±0.4°C in S. paramamosain and 39.1±0.6°C in S. serrata. Thus, interspecific variation in low-temperature adaptation was evident, and S. paramamosain are adapted to the lower-temperature environment.
“…Furthermore, acute or chronic thermal stress can alter the stress axis functions and other stress responses [5]. Once the water temperature exceeds the normal range for crustaceans and fish, their growth, survival, and immunity are negatively affected [6][7][8][9].…”
High temperatures are important environmental stressors affecting the metabolism, growth, immunity, and mortality of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis). In this study, Chinese mitten crabs were divided into two groups and exposed to temperatures of 35 °C (thermal stress group) or 25 °C (control group) for 24 h, and the transcriptome of the heart was analyzed. There were 4007 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the thermal stress and the control groups, including 2660 upregulated and 1347 downregulated genes. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) and transcription factors (TFs) were temperature-sensitive DEGs in Chinese mitten crabs. DEGs mainly focused on protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome biogenesis, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, protein export, and insect hormone biosynthesis pathways. A total of 28,916 SSRs and 59 TF families, including 851 TFs, were detected among all unigenes of E. sinensis transcripts. The qRT-PCR results for the HSPs and apoptotic DEGs from the heart exhibited the same trends as those in the E. sinensis transcriptome data. Results of light microscopy analyzing histological sections of the heart indicated that most myocardial fibers were lysed, and the number of nuclei and the connective tissue contents between the myocardial layers were both reduced following 35 °C exposure for 24 h.
The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), an economically important crustacean that is endemic to China, has recently experienced high-temperature stress. The high thermal tolerance of E. sinensis points to its promise in being highly productive in an aquacultural context. However, the mechanisms underlying its high thermal tolerance remain unknown. In this study, female E. sinensis that were heat exposed for 24 h at 38.5 °C and 33 °C were identified as high-temperature-stressed (HS) and normal-temperature-stressed (NS) groups, respectively. The hepatopancreas of E. sinensis from the HS and NS groups were used for transcriptome and proteomic analyses. A total of 2350 upregulated and 1081 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the HS and NS groups. In addition, 126 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were upregulated and 35 were downregulated in the two groups. An integrated analysis showed that 2641 identified genes were correlated with their corresponding proteins, including 25 genes that were significantly differentially expressed between the two omics levels. Ten Gene Ontology terms were enriched in the DEGs and DEPs. A functional analysis revealed three common pathways that were significantly enriched in both DEGs and DEPs: fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and thyroid hormone synthesis. Further analysis of the common pathways showed that MGST1, Act5C, HSP90AB1, and mys were overlapping genes at the transcriptome and proteome levels. These results demonstrate the differences between the HS and NS groups at the two omics levels and will be helpful in clarifying the mechanisms underlying the thermal tolerance of E. sinensis.
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