Effect of Temperature on PV Potential in the World

Kawajiri, Kotaro; Oozeki, Takashi; Genchi, Yutaka

doi:10.1021/es200635x

Cited by 92 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…High temperatures reduce PV solar energy potential in places including southwest United States deserts, northern Africa, and northern Australia. Both (a) and (b) include impacts from cloud cover (maps reprinted from Kawajiri et al [59]). Not well understood is how changes in land surface temperatures from climate change, especially heat waves, will impact future global PV energy output.…”

Section: Ecological Impacts Of Transmission Lines and Corridorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy

Hernandez

Easter

Murphy-Mariscal

et al. 2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

510

316

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Greenhouse gas emissions Land use and land cover change Photovoltaic Renewable energy a b s t r a c t Renewable energy is a promising alternative to fossil fuel-based energy, but its development can require a complex set of environmental tradeoffs. A recent increase in solar energy systems, especially large, centralized installations, underscores the urgency of understanding their environmental interactions. Synthesizing literature across numerous disciplines, we review direct and indirect environmental impacts -both beneficial and adverse -of utility-scale solar energy (USSE) development, including impacts on biodiversity, land-use and land-cover change, soils, water resources, and human health. Additionally, we review feedbacks between USSE infrastructure and land-atmosphere interactions and the potential for USSE systems to mitigate climate change. Several characteristics and development strategies of USSE systems have low environmental impacts relative to other energy systems, including other renewables. We show opportunities to increase USSE environmental co-benefits, the permitting and regulatory constraints and opportunities of USSE, and highlight future research directions to better understand the nexus between USSE and the environment. Increasing the environmental compatibility of USSE systems will maximize the efficacy of this key renewable energy source in mitigating climatic and global environmental change.

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Section: Ecological Impacts Of Transmission Lines and Corridorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). Consequently, cool places with high irradiance are the best locations for capturing solar with PV [59]. Currently, combined uncertainty (i.e., standard deviation) of PV yield is roughly 8% during the PV system lifetime [123].…”

Section: Utility-scale Solar Energy and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy

Hernandez

Easter

Murphy-Mariscal

et al. 2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

510

316

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“…In Asia (without India and Middle East) there are no large subtropical deserts, but the Tibetan Plateau has great solar potential that could be exploited with a combination of PV and CSP stations (Kawajiri et al 2011, Ummel 2010. We have assumed 25% of that region to be available as "area of deserts" in the 4 th column of Table 3.…”

Section: Global Solar Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy for a sustainable post-carbon society

Garciá‐Olivares¹

2016

Sci. Mar.

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Summary:A feasible way to avoid the risk of energy decline and to combat climate change is to build a worldwide, 100% renewable energy mix. Renewable energy can be scaled up to the range of 12 electric terawatts (TWe) if 10% of continental shelves are exploited with floating turbines to depths as low as 225 m, 5% of continents with ground turbines, and 5% of the main deserts with concentrating solar power (CSP) farms. However, a globally electrified economy cannot grow much above 12 TWe without approaching the limit of terrestrial copper reserves. New photovoltaic silicon panels do not use silver metallization pastes and could contribute up to 1 TW of decentralized residential power. Hydroelectricity has a potential of 1 TW but a fraction of this would have to be sacrificed for energy storage purposes. Hydro, CSP, wave energy and grid integration at continental scales may be sufficient to fit supply to demand, avoiding intermittency. The renewable energy mix would have an energy return on energy invested about 18, which is 25% lower than the estimated present one. That should be sufficient to sustain an industrialized economy provided that the substitution of electricity for fossil fuels is done intelligently.Keywords: 100% renewable energy; renewable potential; EROEI; material limits; post-carbon economy. Energía para una sociedad post-carbono sostenibleResumen: Una forma posible de evitar el riesgo de declive energético y luchar contra el cambio climático sería construir un sistema energético global 100% renovable. Un sistema de energía renovable (ER) se podría escalar hasta el rango de 12 terawatios de electricidad (TWe) si el 10% de las plataformas continentales fueran explotadas con molinos flotantes hasta profundidades de unos 225 m, 5% de los continentes con turbinas terrestres, y el 5% de los principales desiertos fueran utilizados para estaciones de concentración solar (CSP). Sin embargo, una economía electrificada a nivel mundial no puede crecer muy por encima de 12 TWE sin acercarse al límite de las reservas globales de cobre. Los paneles fotovoltaicos (PV) de silicio más recientes no utilizan metalizaciones de plata y podrían contribuir con hasta 1 TW de energía residencial descentralizada. La hidroelectricidad tiene un potencial de 1 TW aunque una fracción de ello tendría que ser sacrificado con fines de almacenamiento de energía. Hidroelectricidad, CSP, energía de las olas y redes integradas de escala continental pueden ser suficientes para ajustar la oferta a la demanda, evitando la intermitencia. El nuevo mix eléctrico tendría una Tasa de Retorno Energético (TRE) de alrededor de 18, un 25% menos que la TRE actual estimada. Eso debería ser suficiente para sostener una economía industrializada, siempre que la sustitución de los combustibles fósiles por electricidad se haga de forma inteligente.Palabras clave: Mix 100% renovable; potencial renovable; TRE; límites materiales; economía post-carbono.

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“…The average PV potential e in each country is 70 obtained using the analytical framework in our latest study 17 The embodied energy per kW PV E m and the CO 2 emissions per kW PV C m are estimated with the following 80 assumptions. We assume that all photovoltaics installed in the countries are mono-or multi-crystalline silicon photovoltaic because nearly 80% of the PV market is shared by them so far 21 .…”

Section: Figure 1 Cumulative Pv Deployment In the Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first is to install PVs into a suitable location with a large PV potential. The global PV potential map is very useful when seeking a suitable location 17 . The second is to install PVs in a location with the large CO 2 emissions per kWh of electricity in their grid.…”

Section: Assumptions For Co 2 Emissions In the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Net CO₂ emissions from global photovoltaic development

2014

Self Cite

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We examine cumulative net energy use and cumulative net CO 2 emissions associated with the 5 development of photovoltaics (PVs) on a global scale. The analysis is focused on the performance of five countries with the largest installed PV capacities -Italy, Japan, Germany, Spain, and the United Statesand on the aggregate values for the world (23 countries). The historical record shows that, during the past 19 years of development, the installed base has grown to 64 GW, with an average annual growth rate of almost 40%. During that period the manufacturing and use of photovoltaics has led to a cumulative net 10 consumption of approximately 286 PJ of energy, and cumulative net emissions of 34 Mt of CO 2 as a result of a considerable payback time. While energy/CO 2 payback time is not unique to PV systems, it plays a larger role in the development of new energy systems than other low-carbon systems. PV energy/CO 2 payback time decreases with the following measures: installation of PVs in locations with a large PV potential and high CO 2 emissions of the electricity replaced, manufacturing PVs at locations 15 with low CO 2 emissions of kWh of electricity used in the production, recycling PVs, and increasing PV conversion efficiency. The analysis is therefore extended into the future for three scenarios with different maximum capacities of photovoltaics (20%, 50%, and 100% of total electricity production). In these scenarios, cumulative net CO 2 emissions can be reduced by 4%, 9%, and 18%, respectively, over the long term (by the year 2050). Short-term CO 2 increases during growth versus long-term CO 2 reduction present 20 a trade-off in developmental growth strategies.

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Effect of Temperature on PV Potential in the World

Cited by 92 publications

References 13 publications

Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy

Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy

Energy for a sustainable post-carbon society

Net CO₂ emissions from global photovoltaic development

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Effect of Temperature on PV Potential in the World

Cited by 92 publications

References 13 publications

Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy

Environmental impacts of utility-scale solar energy

Energy for a sustainable post-carbon society

Net CO2 emissions from global photovoltaic development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Net CO₂ emissions from global photovoltaic development