Effect of Temperature on Germination, Radial Growth and Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana on Megalurothrips sjostedti

Ekesi, Sunday; Maniania, Nguya K.; Ampong-Nyarko, K.

doi:10.1080/09583159929767

Cited by 123 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…At 25 °C there was no significant difference between all isolates, with >90% germination. Similar results were observed by Ekesi et al (1999) who found that there was no significant difference in the germination of conidia between isolates of B. bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) in the temperature range of 20-30 °C; however, at 35 °C, all isolates displayed low germination.…”

Section: Pre-selectionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Selection, assessment of virulence to Alphitobius diaperinus, and Pr1 enzyme production of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. isolates cultured at stress temperatures

2015

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The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is a promising agent for use in insect control. Its pathogenic activity, as well as other factors such as temperature that can interfere with its development, should be assessed, thus, establishing the foundations for B. bassiana use in biological control programs. The objective of this study was to select and induce tolerance of B. bassiana isolates to high and low temperatures and to assess their virulence before and after exposure to those temperatures. A pre-selection test was performed, in which the tolerance of isolates to stress temperatures was tested and compared to the ideal growth temperature of 25 °C for this organism. For the isolates/temperature combinations resulting in growth, conidia germination and colony-forming units (CFUs) were assessed. The isolates Unioeste 4 and Unioeste 40 exhibited >95% germinated conidia at 16 and 31 °C. Thereafter, they underwent four consecutive passages at maximum and minimum tolerated temperatures (10 and 37 °C). A significant difference in germination was observed between the two isolates at all temperatures tested. More CFUs were observed for Unioeste 4 compared to Unioeste 40 at all temperatures, and in the case of the latter, there was no difference in CFU formation at 10 and 25 °C. For both isolates, decreased vegetative growth was observed at 37 °C. Recovery of virulence was observed in both isolates, as determined by insect mortality. No relationship was observed between production of the enzyme Pr1 and the virulence of the isolates. Key words: Entomopathogenic fungus, lesser mealworm, aviary, protease ResumoO fungo entomopatogênico Beauveria bassiana é relatado como um promissor agente de controle de insetos. É necessário investigar a atividade patogênica e também fatores como a temperatura que pode interferir no seu desenvolvimento, estabelecendo assim bases para o seu uso em programas de controle biológico. O objetivo desse trabalho foi selecionar e induzir a tolerância a temperaturas baixas e elevadas de B. bassiana e verificar a virulência desses antes e após a exposição às temperaturas. Realizou-se uma pré-seleção, onde foi verificada a tolerância dos isolados as temperaturas de estresse, os testes foram comparados à temperatura de 25 °C ideal para o crescimento desse microrganismo. Para os isolados/temperaturas onde houve crescimento, foi avaliada a germinação de conídios e unidades formadoras de colônias. Os isolados Unioeste 4 e Unioeste 40 apresentaram mais de 95% de conídios germinados nas temperaturas de 16 °C e 31 °C. Em seguida para esses mesmos isolados foram feitas quatro repicagens consecutivas nas temperaturas máxima e mínima tolerada (10 °C e 37 °C). Para a germinação foi observada diferença significativa entre os dois isolados em todas as temperaturas. Foi observada a maior formação de UFC para o isolado Unioeste 4 quando comparado com o Unioeste 40 em todas as temperaturas. Para esse mesmo isolado não houve diferença entre as temperaturas de 10 °C e 25 °C. Para ambos os isolados o me...

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Section: Pre-selectionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Because of this ability to grow at low temperatures, B. bassiana has been recommended for use in insect control during the early spring or in climates with mild temperatures (EKESI et al, 1999).…”

Section: Assessment Of Unioeste 4 and Unioeste 40 Virulence At All Tementioning

confidence: 99%

Selection, assessment of virulence to Alphitobius diaperinus, and Pr1 enzyme production of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. isolates cultured at stress temperatures

2015

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“…Keeping this in mind, it is very essential to screen the entomopathogenic fungi isolated from different sources for their temperature tolerance. Entomopathogenic fungi in general, have the optimum radial growth at temperatures between 25°C and 30°C (Ekesi et al 1999; Maniania et al 2008). However, different strains vary in their tolerance to higher temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation and evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin strains for their temperature tolerance

Teja

Rahman

2016

Mycology

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Entomopathogenic fungal species from the genera Beauveria, Metarhizium and Lecanicillium are important components in biological control of insect pests. However, temperature, humidity and UV radiation are among the important abiotic factors, which limit their effective usage. In this study, four local isolates of Metarhizium were isolated from different crop rhiospheres of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh states of India, identified and tested for their temperature tolerance in terms of radial growth, conidial yield per 10 mm disc and rate of conidial germination at different incubation temperatures. The results revealed that strains LaMa1 and MaAICRP performed well in terms of radial growth, conidial yield and rate of conidial germination, even at 35°C temperature. The role of such temperature tolerant strains in agriculture is discussed.

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“…A similar method for determining fungal growth rates has previously been used by several others [e.g. ( Hall and Bell, 1961;Welling et al, 1994;Fargues et al, 1997;Ouedraogo et al, 1997;Vidal et al, 1997;James et al, 1998;Ekesi et al, 1999;Davidson et al, 2003)]. For each temperature, nine separate plates were set up on three different dates (Feb. 3, 10, and 24, 2003).…”

Section: Temperature and A Aggregata Growth Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and chalkbrood development in the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata

James

2005

Apidologie

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-Ascosphaera aggregata, the causative agent of chalkbrood in the alfalfa leafcutting bee (Megachile rotundata), is a major mortality factor when this bee is used commercially as a pollinator. The effect of temperature on A. aggregata hyphal growth, spore germination, and disease prevalence was tested. The lowest prevalence of chalkbrood occurred at 35°C, yet this temperature was the optimum for fungal germination and growth on agar, and is stressful to the insect. Sporulation of M. rotundata cadavers that were infected with the fungus was highest at 25°C. Daily exposures to 40°C for 6 h did not affect disease incidence, but it negatively impacted spore production. A similar temperature response, that is, where lower temperatures promote the disease, has been seen by others for this bee, and other Ascosphaera spp in other bees, but it is not clear why the greatest likelihood of mycosis does not occur at optimum temperatures for the fungus, or at the temperatures most detrimental to the insect. A few hypotheses have been proposed, but empirical data are lacking. alfalfa leafcutting bee / Megachile rotundata / Ascosphaera aggregata / chalkbrood / temperature stress

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Effect of Temperature on Germination, Radial Growth and Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana on Megalurothrips sjostedti

Cited by 123 publications

References 14 publications

Selection, assessment of virulence to Alphitobius diaperinus, and Pr1 enzyme production of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. isolates cultured at stress temperatures

Selection, assessment of virulence to Alphitobius diaperinus, and Pr1 enzyme production of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. isolates cultured at stress temperatures

Characterisation and evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin strains for their temperature tolerance

Temperature and chalkbrood development in the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata

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