Effect of temperature and plumbing materials on biofilm formation byLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 1 and 2-15

Assaidi, Abdelwahid; Ellouali, Mostafa; Latrache, Hassan; Mabrouki, Mustapha; Hamadi, Fatima; Timinouni, Mohammed; Zahir, Hafida; Mdaghri, N. El; Barguigua, Abouddihaj; Mliji, El Mostafa

doi:10.1080/01694243.2018.1423664

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The influence of temperature on the capacity of microbial cells to adhere to and form biofilms on surfaces has been widely reported. 38 , 80 It was observed that Acinetobacter spp. biofilm formation was more prolific at 25°C than at 37°C.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms: effects of physicochemical factors, virulence, antibiotic resistance determinants, gene regulation, and future antimicrobial treatments

Eze

Chenia

Zowalaty

2018

IDR

191

172

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Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of nosocomial infections due to its increased antibiotic resistance and virulence. The ability of A. baumannii to form biofilms contributes to its survival in adverse environmental conditions including hospital environments and medical devices. A. baumannii has undoubtedly propelled the interest of biomedical researchers due to its broad range of associated infections especially in hospital intensive care units. The interplay among microbial physicochemistry, alterations in the phenotype and genotypic determinants, and the impact of existing ecological niche and the chemistry of antimicrobial agents has led to enhanced biofilm formation resulting in limited access of drugs to their specific targets. Understanding the triggers to biofilm formation is a step towards limiting and containing biofilm-associated infections and development of biofilm-specific countermeasures. The present review therefore focused on explaining the impact of environmental factors, antimicrobial resistance, gene alteration and regulation, and the prevailing microbial ecology in A. baumannii biofilm formation and gives insights into prospective anti-infective treatments.

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Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms: effects of physicochemical factors, virulence, antibiotic resistance determinants, gene regulation, and future antimicrobial treatments

Eze

Chenia

Zowalaty

2018

IDR

191

172

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“…A number of studies have confirmed the efficacy of copper, either passively leached from premise plumbing materials [ 59 , 140 , 144 ] or actively added using copper-silver ionization (CSI) systems [ 62 , 83 , 145 ], as a Legionella antimicrobial. Biofilms grown at room temperature for 30 days in pre-sterilized reactors with copper, PVC, and stainless steel coupons were found to have lower total bacterial counts on copper than PVC surfaces [ 146 ].…”

Section: Direct Effects Of Plumbing Materials On Pathogen Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Review: Propensity of Premise Plumbing Pipe Materials to Enhance or Diminish Growth of Legionella and Other Opportunistic Pathogens

et al. 2020

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Growth of Legionella pneumophila and other opportunistic pathogens (OPs) in drinking water premise plumbing poses an increasing public health concern. Premise plumbing is constructed of a variety of materials, creating complex environments that vary chemically, microbiologically, spatially, and temporally in a manner likely to influence survival and growth of OPs. Here we systematically review the literature to critically examine the varied effects of common metallic (copper, iron) and plastic (PVC, cross-linked polyethylene (PEX)) pipe materials on factors influencing OP growth in drinking water, including nutrient availability, disinfectant levels, and the composition of the broader microbiome. Plastic pipes can leach organic carbon, but demonstrate a lower disinfectant demand and fewer water chemistry interactions. Iron pipes may provide OPs with nutrients directly or indirectly, exhibiting a high disinfectant demand and potential to form scales with high surface areas suitable for biofilm colonization. While copper pipes are known for their antimicrobial properties, evidence of their efficacy for OP control is inconsistent. Under some circumstances, copper’s interactions with premise plumbing water chemistry and resident microbes can encourage growth of OPs. Plumbing design, configuration, and operation can be manipulated to control such interactions and health outcomes. Influences of pipe materials on OP physiology should also be considered, including the possibility of influencing virulence and antibiotic resistance. In conclusion, all known pipe materials have a potential to either stimulate or inhibit OP growth, depending on the circumstances. This review delineates some of these circumstances and informs future research and guidance towards effective deployment of pipe materials for control of OPs.

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“…Cloete et al (2003) observed higher biofilm formation on PVC compared to galvanized steel. More recently, Assaidi et al (2018) observed higher Legionella pneumophila colonization in 45 d old biofilms formed on galvanized steel surfaces than on stainless steel, copper and plastics (PVC, cross-linked PE and polypropylene random copolymer). The variety of results observed among different studies may be related to other factors influencing biofilm formation, such as water velocity, the type of microorganisms, pipe corrosion, the incubation period, the temperature or the nutrient/ disinfectant availability and the characteristics of the material, such as roughness and the hydrophobic/ hydrophilic balance (Eboigbodin et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although copper is more expensive than plastics and other metallic pipes it is generally more resistant to corrosion, has no significant effects on the water quality, is easy to install and has antimicrobial properties ( _ Zabnie nska-G ora and Dudkiewicz 2018). The antimicrobial properties of copper materials may have an important action in preventing the build-up of biofilms in DWDS and the interest in its use is reemerging (Gulati and Ghosh 2017;Rhoads et al 2017;Assaidi et al 2018;Inkinen et al 2018;Khan et al 2019). Rhoads et al (2017) observed an important role of copper in L. pneumophila biofilm control in a stagnant DWDS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Khan et al (2019) observed that chlorine resistance increased when 5 d old biofilms were encountered on PVC and copper pipes. Other authors (Gulati and Ghosh 2017;Assaidi et al 2018), studied biofilm formation on different metallic and plastic materials for 72 h and 45 d, respectively, and observed relevant effects from copper use in the prevention of Sphingomonas paucimobilis and L. pneumophila biofilms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of surface copper content onStenotrophomonas maltophiliabiofilm control using chlorine and mechanical stress

Gomes

Simões

2020

Biofouling

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This work aimed to evaluate the action of materials with different copper content (0, 57, 96 and 100%) on biofilm formation and control by chlorination and mechanical stress. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from drinking water was used as a model microorganism and biofilms were developed in a rotating cylinder reactor using realism-based shear stress conditions. Biofilms were characterized phenotypically and exposed to three control strategies: 10 mg l À1 of free chlorine for 10 min, an increased shear stress (a fluid velocity of 1.5 m s À1 for 30s), and a combination of both treatments. These shock treatments were not effective in biofilm control. The benefits from the use of copper surfaces was found essentially in reducing the numbers of non-damaged cells. Copper materials demonstrated better performance in biofilm prevention than chlorine. In general, copper alloys may have a positive public health impact by reducing the number of non-damaged cells in the water delivered after chlorine exposure.

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Effect of temperature and plumbing materials on biofilm formation byLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 1 and 2-15

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

<em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> biofilms: effects of physicochemical factors, virulence, antibiotic resistance determinants, gene regulation, and future antimicrobial treatments

<em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> biofilms: effects of physicochemical factors, virulence, antibiotic resistance determinants, gene regulation, and future antimicrobial treatments

Critical Review: Propensity of Premise Plumbing Pipe Materials to Enhance or Diminish Growth of Legionella and Other Opportunistic Pathogens

Influence of surface copper content onStenotrophomonas maltophiliabiofilm control using chlorine and mechanical stress

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