Effect of temperature and food on hexavalent chromium toxicity to the marine nematode Monhystera disjuncta

Vranken, G.; Tiré, Christine; Heip, C.H.R.

doi:10.1016/0141-1136(89)90004-4

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been suggested that marine nematodes do not accumulate lipids for energy storage [27] indicating that nematode fatty acid composition reflects membrane fatty acid composition, however, information remains scant. In this study we will focus on the marine free-living nematode Halomonhystera disjuncta (formerly known as Geomonhystera disjuncta), which is known for its high resistance to environmental stress, especially to heavy metals and temperature changes [25,[75][76][77]. H. disjuncta and sister species has been reported both in shallow-water [15,47,74] and in deep-sea environments [53,71].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closely related intertidal and deep-sea Halomonhystera species have distinct fatty acid compositions

Campenhout

Vanreusel

2016

Helgol Mar Res

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The deep-sea free-living nematode Halomonhystera hermesi, dominant in the sulphidic sediments of the Håkon Mosby mud volcano (1280 m, Barent sea slope), is part of the mainly estuarine Halomonhystera disjuncta species complex consisting of five cryptic species (GD1-GD5). Cryptic species have a very similar morphology raising questions on their specific environmental differences. This study analyzed total fatty acid (FA) compositions of H. hermesi and GD1, one of H. hermesi's closest relatives. Additionally, we experimentally investigated the effect of a temperature reduction, salinity increase and sulphide concentrations on GD1's FA composition. Because nematodes are expected to have low amounts of storage FA, total FA compositions most likely reflect FA contents of cellular membranes. The deep-sea nematode H. hermesi had significantly lower saturation levels and increased highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFAs) proportions due to the presence of docosahexanoic acid (DHA-22:6ω3) and higher eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA-20:5ω3) proportions. HUFAs were absent in H. hermesi's food source indicating the ability and need for this nematode to synthesize HUFAs in a deep-sea environment. Our experimental data revealed that only a decrease in temperature resulted in lower saturated fatty acids proportions, indicating that the FA content of H. hermesi is most likely a response to temperature but not to sulphide concentrations or salinity differences. In experimental nematodes, EPA proportions were low and DHA was absent indicating that other factors than temperature, salinity and sulphides mediate the presence of these HUFAs in H. hermesi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Closely related intertidal and deep-sea Halomonhystera species have distinct fatty acid compositions

Campenhout

Vanreusel

2016

Helgol Mar Res

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“…Laboratory studies have shown that acute and sublethal toxicity of metals to a variety of meiofauna is dependant not only on the chemical form of a metal, but also on other factors including temperature (Verriopoulos 1981, Lehtinen et al 1984, Vranken et al 1989, salinity (Bengtsson & Bergstrom 1987) and food (Verriopoulos & Moraitou-Apostolopolou 1989). The question of bioavailability and metal toxicity to the benthos is enormously complicated and is not necessarily reflected in measurements of total concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soft sediment meiofaunal community structure in relation to a long-term heavy metal gradient in the Fal estuary system

Somerfield¹,

Gee²,

Warwick³

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

150

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The Fa1 estuary system, southwest England, is an ideal site for a natural experiment on the effects of long-term contamination by heavy metals on intertidal mudflat meiofauna communities. Five creeks were chosen in which sediment concentrations of heavy metals differed by orders of magnitude, namely Restronguet (mean Cu concentration 2532 pg g -' ) , Mylqr (1272 pg g-'), Pill (697 pg g -l ) , St Just in Roseland (332 pg g-l) and Percuil (165 pg g-l). Univariate and multivariate analyses of the meiofauna1 community structure in these creeks suggest that nematodes are more responsive to sediment heavy metal concentrations than copepods, as indices of diversity and changes in nematode community structure as revealed by multivariate analyses were closely correlated with metal levels For copepods differences could only be detected in Restronguet creek, where endobenthic species were absent. Analyses suggest that some nematode species may have developed different tolerance mechanisms for survival in areas with high heavy metal concentrations.

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“…The successful nematode species of the microbial mats at HMMV was morphologically very similar to Geomonhystera disjuncta, a cosmopolitan, bacterivorous nematode known for its high resistance to environmental stress, especially to heavy metals (Vranken et al 1989). Additionally, molecular analyses (Van Gaever et al unpubl.…”

Section: Nematode Thriving In Sulphidic Hmmv Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiobenthos at the Arctic Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano, with a parental-caring nematode thriving in sulphide-rich sediments

Gaever¹,

Moodley²,

Beer³

et al. 2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

141

196

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Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano (HMMV, SW Barents Sea slope, 1280 m) is one of the numerous cold methane-venting seeps existing along the continental margins. Analyses of videoguided core samples revealed extreme differences in the diversity and density of the metazoan meiobenthic communities associated with the different sub-habitats (centre, microbial mats, Pogonophora field, outer rim) of this mud volcano. Diversity was lowest in the sulphidic, microbial mat sediments that supported the highest standing stock, with unusually high densities (11 000 ind. 10 cm -2 ) of 1 nematode species related to Geomonhystera disjuncta. Stable carbon isotope analyses revealed that this nematode species was thriving on chemosynthetically derived food sources in these sediments. Ovoviviparous reproduction has been identified as an important adaptation of parents securing the survival and development of their brood in this toxic environment. The proliferation of this single species in exclusive association with free-living, sulphide-oxidising bacteria (Beggiatoa) indicates that its dominance is strongly related to trophic specialisation, evidently uncommon among the meiofauna. This chemoautotrophic association was replaced by copepods in the bare, sulphidefree sediments of the volcano's centre, dominated by aerobic methane oxidation as the chemosynthetic process. Copepods and nauplii reached maximum densities and dominance in the volcano's centre (500 ind. 10 cm -2 ). Their strongly depleted carbon isotope signatures indicated a trophic link with methane-derived carbon. This proliferation of only selected meiobenthic species supported by chemosynthetically derived carbon suggests that, in addition to the sediment geochemistry, the associated reduced meiobenthic diversity may equally be related to the trophic resource specificity in HMMV sub-habitats.

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Effect of temperature and food on hexavalent chromium toxicity to the marine nematode Monhystera disjuncta

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Closely related intertidal and deep-sea Halomonhystera species have distinct fatty acid compositions

Closely related intertidal and deep-sea Halomonhystera species have distinct fatty acid compositions

Soft sediment meiofaunal community structure in relation to a long-term heavy metal gradient in the Fal estuary system

Meiobenthos at the Arctic Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano, with a parental-caring nematode thriving in sulphide-rich sediments

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