Effect of Tb Doping on Structural and Optical Properties of (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S Films Deposited Through a Chemical Route

Lilhare, Devjyoti; Pillai, Sandhya; Khare, Ayush

doi:10.1007/s11664-018-6554-5

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This discreteness leads to the quantization of energy states and corresponding energy spectra are observed to be broken. Earlier, Lilhare et al [35] reported that the difference of energies between these states is approximately inversely proportional to the square of the particle size and reduced mass. In a semiconductor material, the effect of quantization of energy states is such that the conduction and valence bands reshuffle by shifting apart resulting in the widening of band-gap.…”

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Highly uniform (Cd x -Zn 1−x )S films in different compositional ratios (x =0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) are deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates using CBD technique. The films are deposited by dipping the substrates of highly transparent glass (ITO) vertically in a water bath at 60 °C for 1 h. The deposition temperature (60 °C) and time (1 h) chosen in this study were already optimized and reported in our previous article [35].…”

Section: Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd _x –Zn_1−x)S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications

Lilhare

Sinha

Verma

et al. 2019

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

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An attempt has been made to optimize the Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd x -Zn 1−x )S (x =0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) films on ITO substrate by varying the Cd/Zn composition ratio to enable them to absorb a sizable fraction of solar photons. The phase purity and nanocrystalline character of as-deposited films are established by x-ray diffractometer. Lattice parameters and band-gap values are found to change almost linearly with Cd/Zn composition ratio. The surface morphology supports the nano-crystalline nature of deposited films. The E g values for (Cd x -Zn 1−x )S nanocrystalline films estimated from absorption spectra and corresponding Tauc's plots range from 2.63 to 2.81 eV. The optical behavior in terms of absorption and photoluminescence spectra suggests that these films are suitable for application in photovoltaic devices. The electrical resistivity of different (Cd x -Zn 1−x )S films has been measured as a function of Zn concentration. The efficiency of resultant CdTe/(Cd x -Zn 1−x )S cell is calculated to be approximately 11%.

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Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Film Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd _x –Zn_1−x)S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications

Lilhare

Sinha

Verma

et al. 2019

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

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“…It is expected that the Zn doped CdS will increase the efficiency of the solar cell. The effective mass approximation method is used to calculate the particles size with the following relation where E gn and E gb are the band gap values of nanocrystalline CdS and bulk CdS semiconductor (E gb = 2.4 eV), m* is the effective mass of the electron (= 0.19 m o , m o is the rest mass of electron) and R is the particle radius [34,35]. The particle size of the prepared samples was calculated and summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, surface morphological, optical and thermoelectric properties of sol–gel spin coated Zn doped CdS thin films

2020

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The present work is focussed on Zinc (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt%) doped CdS thin films synthesized by sol-gel spin coating method and deposited on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction patterns of Zn doped CdS thin films exhibit cubic structure. The microstructural properties such as crystallite size, lattice constant, microstrain, dislocation density and stacking fault probability in the films were reported. The surface morphology and topography of the films was studied by using field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The incorporation of Zn in CdS and elemental composition of the films has been confirmed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Raman spectrum of Zn doped CdS thin films exhibits 1LO and 2LO phonon modes. The optical band gap of CdS thin films increased from 2.63 to 2.73 eV with the increase of Zn dopant from 2 to 10%. Thermoelectric power measurements show negative Seebeck coefficient indicating n-type semiconducting behaviour. The carrier concentration of Zn doped CdS thin films at room temperature are found to be in the range of 10 19-10 20 cm −3 suggesting that the prepared films are degenerate semiconductors. The increase in thermal conductivity of Zn doped CdS thin film is due to the increase in carrier concentration of the films. The lattice thermal conductivity of Zn doped CdS thin films had an inverse temperature dependent and at high temperatures shows the dominance of phonon scattering.

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“…Usually, the CBD process for deposition of CdS films is based on a slow release of Cd 2+ and S 2− ions in an aqueous alkaline bath and their deposition on the substrates. In general, ammonia is used to adjust the pH value of the reaction solution [130]. Ammonia is a substance that is highly unpredictable and presents health and environmental risks as it is corrosive to the skin, internal organs, machinery and equipment.…”

Section: Ammonia-free Process For Solar Cells' Window Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opto-Electronics Review

Lilhare,

Khare

2020

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The solar photovoltaic technology is one of the renewable technologies with the potential to shape a future-proof, reliable, scalable and affordable electricity system. It is important to provide better resources for any upcoming technology. CdS/CdTe thin films have long been considered as one enticing option for reliable and cost-effective solar cells to be developed. N-type CdS as a transparent window layer in heterojunction structures is one of the best choices for CdTe cells. In a solar cell structure, window layer material plays a very crucial role to improve its performance. For this reason, this review focuses on the basic and significant aspects such as importance of the window layer thickness, degradation effect, use of nano-wire arrays, and an ammonia-free process to deposit the window layer. Also, an attempt has been made to analyze various processes improving window layer properties. Necessary discussions have been included to review the impact of solar cell parameters on the above aspects. It is anticipated that this review article will fulfill the requirement of knowledge to be used in the fabrication of CdS/CdTe solar cells.

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Effect of Tb Doping on Structural and Optical Properties of (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S Films Deposited Through a Chemical Route

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd _x –Zn_1−x)S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications

Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd _x –Zn_1−x)S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications

Structural, surface morphological, optical and thermoelectric properties of sol–gel spin coated Zn doped CdS thin films

Opto-Electronics Review

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Effect of Tb Doping on Structural and Optical Properties of (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S Films Deposited Through a Chemical Route

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd x –Zn1−x )S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications

Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd x –Zn1−x )S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications

Structural, surface morphological, optical and thermoelectric properties of sol–gel spin coated Zn doped CdS thin films

Opto-Electronics Review

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Product

Resources

About

Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd _x –Zn_1−x)S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications

Optimization of Zn concentration in chemically deposited (Cd _x –Zn_1−x)S nanocrystalline films for solar cell applications