Effect of taurine and N-acetylcysteine on methionine restriction-mediated adiposity resistance

Elshorbagy, Amany K.; Valdivia-Garcia, Maria; Mattocks, Dwight A.L.; Plummer, Jason D.; Orentreich, David S.; Orentreich, Norman; Refsum, Helga; Perrone, Carmen E.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.10.005

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This was not reflected in an overall change in birth weights or a change in maternal water or food intake. There is evidence for a role of taurine in reducing fat mass in the rodent [52], [53] and in the present study we observed a reduction in fat mass in MOT dams but this was at the time of lactation; whether taurine had an effect on modifying maternal body composition in late pregnancy is not known.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Hepatic Markers of Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Mothers and Offspring in the Setting of Maternal Obesity

Reynolds

Sloboda

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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Maternal obesity is associated with obesity and metabolic disorders in offspring. However, intervention strategies to reverse or ameliorate the effects of maternal obesity on offspring health are limited. Following maternal undernutrition, taurine supplementation can improve outcomes in offspring, possibly via effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion. The effects of taurine in mediating inflammatory processes as a protective mechanism has not been investigated. Further, the efficacy of taurine supplementation in the setting of maternal obesity is not known. Using a model of maternal obesity, we examined the effects of maternal taurine supplementation on outcomes related to inflammation and lipid metabolism in mothers and neonates. Time-mated Wistar rats were randomised to either: 1) control : control diet during pregnancy and lactation (CON); 2) CON supplemented with 1.5% taurine in drinking water (CT); 3) maternal obesogenic diet (high fat, high fructose) during pregnancy and lactation (MO); or 4) MO supplemented with taurine (MOT). Maternal and neonatal weights, plasma cytokines and hepatic gene expression were analysed. A MO diet resulted in maternal hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia and increased plasma glucose, glutamate and TNF-α concentrations. Taurine normalised maternal plasma TNF-α and glutamate concentrations in MOT animals. Both MO and MOT mothers displayed evidence of fatty liver accompanied by alterations in key markers of hepatic lipid metabolism. MO neonates displayed a pro-inflammatory hepatic profile which was partially rescued in MOT offspring. Conversely, a pro-inflammatory phenotype was observed in MOT mothers suggesting a possible maternal trade-off to protect the neonate. Despite protective effects of taurine in MOT offspring, neonatal mortality was increased in CT neonates, indicating possible adverse effects of taurine in the setting of normal pregnancy. These data suggest that maternal taurine supplementation may ameliorate the adverse effects observed in offspring following a maternal obesogenic diet but these effects are dependent upon prior maternal nutritional background.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Hepatic Markers of Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Mothers and Offspring in the Setting of Maternal Obesity

Reynolds

Sloboda

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…The animals received a methionine-restricted diet and were treated with the mentioned acids for 12 weeks; the results suggest that NAC and cysteine had significant effects with a decrease in body weight, primarily in the adipose tissue. Thus, the changes in body weight in the rats in our research can be explained by the presence of methionine during the entire experimental period, while NAC and L-cysteine probably blocked the capacity of methionine to prevent obesity, perhaps through the stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase-1 enzyme (41,42). However, further research is necessary to confirm this finding due to the considerable variations in the results of previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

The Effects of Subchronic Methionine Overload Administered Alone or Simultaneously with L-cysteine or N-acetyl-L-cysteine on Body Weight, Homocysteine Levels and Biochemical Parameters in the Blood of Male Wistar Rats

Mićović

Stamenković

Nikolić

et al. 2016

Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

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Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC), both basal and after methionine load, may occur due to genetic disorders or defi ciencies of nutrients that aff ect the remethylation or transsulphuration pathways during methionine metabolism. HHC is involved in the pathogenesis of many illnesses as a SAŽETAK Hiperhomocisteinemija (HHC), kako bazalna tako i nakon ABBREVIATIONSAHDL -direct high-density cholesterol; ALB -albumin; ALP -alkaline phosphatase; ALT -alanine aminotransferase;AMY -amylase; AST -aspartate aminotransferase;bw -body weight BUN -blood urea nitrogen;Ca -calcium; Cl -chloride; CHOL -cholesterol; CREA -creatinine; ECL -electrochemiluminescence immunoassay system; GLUC -glucose; GGT -gamma glutamyl transferase;GSH -glutathione;Hcy -homocysteine; HHC -hyperhomocysteinemia; IBCT -total iron binding capacity;MET -DL-methionine; NAC -N-acetyl-L-cysteine; Na -sodium; RCRP -C-reactive protein; ROS -reactive oxygen species; TBI -total bilirubin; TGL -triglyceride; tHcy -total homocysteine; TP -total protein; URCA -uric acid

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“…It has been observed that cysteine supplementation (0.5 %) of the MetR diet reversed the effects of MetR on body weight gain, body fat, subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, and serum hormones associated with adiposity and insulin resistance including leptin and adiponectin despite methionine levels remaining low (Elshorbagy et al 2011). N-acetylcysteine supplementation (0.5 %) raises serum cysteine and partly or completely reverses MetR effects on body weight, percentage of body fat, and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in liver and white adipose tissue in rats (Elshorbagy et al 2013). Wide studies of gene expression revealed that cysteine supplementation of the MetR diet reverses most gene and metabolic changes induced by MetR and upregulates the transcription of genes associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis in the liver and adipose tissue of rats .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cysteine dietary supplementation reverses the decrease in mitochondrial ROS production at complex I induced by methionine restriction

Gomez

Gómez

Torres

et al. 2015

J Bioenerg Biomembr

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It has been described that dietary cysteine reverses many of the beneficial changes induced by methionine restriction in aging rodents. In this investigation male Wistar rats were subjected to diets low in methionine, supplemented with cysteine, or simultaneously low in methionine and supplemented with cysteine. The results obtained in liver showed that cysteine supplementation reverses the decrease in mitochondrial ROS generation induced by methionine restriction at complex I. Methionine restriction also decreased various markers of oxidative and non-oxidative stress on mitochondrial proteins which were not reversed by cysteine. Instead, cysteine supplementation also lowered protein damage in association with decreases in mTOR activation. The results of the present study add the decrease in mitochondrial ROS production to the various beneficial changes induced by methionine restriction that are reversed by cysteine dietary supplementation.

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Effect of taurine and N-acetylcysteine on methionine restriction-mediated adiposity resistance

Cited by 32 publications

References 46 publications

Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Hepatic Markers of Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Mothers and Offspring in the Setting of Maternal Obesity

Effects of Taurine Supplementation on Hepatic Markers of Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism in Mothers and Offspring in the Setting of Maternal Obesity

The Effects of Subchronic Methionine Overload Administered Alone or Simultaneously with L-cysteine or N-acetyl-L-cysteine on Body Weight, Homocysteine Levels and Biochemical Parameters in the Blood of Male Wistar Rats

Cysteine dietary supplementation reverses the decrease in mitochondrial ROS production at complex I induced by methionine restriction

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