Effect of Task Overload Upon Cardiovascular and Plasma Catcholamine Responses in Type A and B Individuals

Glass, David C.; Krakoff, Lawrence R.; Finkelman, Jay M.; Snow, Barry; Contrada, Richard J.; Kehoe, Kathleen; Mannucci, Elinor G.; Isecke, William; Collins, Carla; Hilton, William F.; Elting, Ellen

doi:10.1207/s15324834basp0103_1

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Studies of Type A behavior have shown that Type As often exhibit greater episodic increases of plasma epinephrine under challenge stressors (6). One study by Glass and Krakoff also found increased plasma epinephrine during resting laboratory conditions (23). Our data also suggest that platelet epinephrine content may be a more sensitive marker than plasma catecholamine levels for assessing sympathetic nervous system activity generally in humans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Under resting conditions there have usually been no differences between Type As and Bs (5,21), although there are single reports of increased resting catecholamine levels in Type Bs (22) or higher epinephrine in Type As (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding sympathetic responsiveness to laboratory-induced challenge stress, Friedman et al (21), Glass et al (23,25), Williams et al (24), and others (6) have reported increased plasma epinephrine or norepinephrine responses in Type As, but Zahn et al (22) and Hilton et al (26) observed the opposite effect, i.e., higher plasma catecholamine responses in Type B subjects. Therefore, the present study was undertaken in order to test the hypothesis that the sympathetic nervous system is hyperactive in Type A compared to Type B behavior subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New markers for type A behavior: pupil size and platelet epinephrine.

Schneider

Julius

Moss

et al. 1987

Psychosomatic Medicine

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This study tested the hypothesis that the Type A behavior pattern and its components are associated with increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. To do this, we employed two new markers of sympathetic tone-pupil size and platelet catecholamine content. Thirtythree healthy males were blindly rated for Type A behavior and verbal stylistic components by Structured Interview. Adrenergic tone to the pupils was assessed from pupil diameter recorded by infrared television pupillometry, and pupil alpha-adrenergic sensitivity was estimated from mydriatic response to ophthalmic phenylephrine. Platelet epinephrine and norepinephrine contents were assayed because these levels are associated with chronic, long-term circulating catecholamine levels. The results showed Type As had consistently larger pupil diameters than Type Bs (p = 0.03,0.03, and 0.01). There was no difference in pupillary response to phenylephrine instillation between groups, Platelet epinephrine content was greater in Type A subjects (x 2 = 4.25, p < 0.04, t = 1.6, p = 0.06). Only the component of explosiveness was modestly associated with resting pupil size, and no components significantly predicted platelet catecholamines. We conclude that the results of these two new markers of autonomic activity, namely, pupil size and platelet epinephrine, suggest that Type A behavior is characterized by increased sympathetic nervous system tone although we cannot rule out the possibility of decreased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New markers for type A behavior: pupil size and platelet epinephrine.

Schneider

Julius

Moss

et al. 1987

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…These individuals display heightened physiologic reactions to stressful or threatening experiences (29)(30)(31)(32). The physiologic reactivity of Type A individuals could produce ""Numbers in parentheses are the standard deviations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Type A Behavior Pattern and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis

Stevens¹,

Turner²,

Rhodewalt³

et al. 1984

Psychosomatic Medicine

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The Type A behavior pattern has been identified as an important precursor of coronary atherosclerosis. However, atherosclerosis is a disease process that occurs throughout the arterial system. The present research examined the hypothesis that the Type A pattern may also be related to disease in other arteries such as the carotid arteries. Men (n = 21) and women (n = 23) from 40 to 65 years of age were examined for carotid artery atherosclerosis using doppler ultrasonography. Subjects also completed the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) to measure the Type A pattern. The results indicated that the diseased individuals were more likely to be classified as Type A (71%) than as Type B (29%), Z = 2.08, p less than 0.05. The nondiseased individuals were not more likely to be Type A (53%) than Type B (47%). The results are consistent with the hypothesis that atherosclerosis in Type A individuals is not limited to the coronary arteries but the disease is likely to occur throughout the arterial system.

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“…Este hecho, en principio, no coincide con algunas investigaciones anteriores (Dembroski, MacDougall, Shields, Petitto & Lushene, 1978;Ganster, Schaubroeck, Sime & Mayes, 1991;Gray, Jackson & Howard, 1990;Lawler, Schmied, Armstead & Lacy, 1990;Ortega & Pipal, 1984;Palmero, Breva & cols., 1994;Svebak, Knardahl, Nordby & Aakvaag, 1992;Zeichner, Allen, Spiga & Rudd, 1990), aunque coincide con otros trabajos en los que no se observan diferencias significativas entre personas Tipo A y personas Tipo B (Allen & cols., 1987;Diamond & Carver, 1980;Frankenhaeuser, Lunberg & Forsman, 1980;Glass, Krakoff &Filkenman, 1980;Holmes & cols., 1984;Lane, White & Williams, 1984;Lovallo & Pishkin, 1980;MacDougall, Dembroski & Krantz, 1981;Myrtek, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Tasa cardíaca y síntomatología en mujeres con infarto de miocardio

Palmero¹,

Breva²,

Díez³

2000

Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto)

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RESUMEN:En el presente trabajo se intenta establecer si alguno de los componentes dei clásico Patrón de Conducta Tipo A (PCTA) puede seguir siendo utilizado con alguna credibilidad a la hora de localizar el eventual riesgo de trastomo coronario. La muestra estuvo conformada por mujeres que habían sufrido un infarto de miocardio. Utilizando el Factor S del Jenkins Activity Survey, se formaron dos grupos de mujeres: con alta y baja puntuación. A todas se les registro la tasa cardíaca durante una prueba de esfuerzo, midiendo, además, la incidência sintomatológica diversa a lo largo de tres meses tras la alta en el Hospital. Nuestros resultados nos permiten sugerir que el Factor S del JAS, que mide prisa e impaciência, parece un critério apropiado para investigar el riesgo de enfermedad coronaria. Así, Ias mujeres que puntuaron alto en este factor mostraban perfiles psicofisiológicos específicos cartacterizados por la lenta recuperación tras la tarea o fase de esfuerzo. Además, estas mujeres experimentaron una mayor incidência de sintomas psicológicos. Se discute que Ias mujeres Tipo A parecen encontrarse más sensibilizadas en la percepción de Ias situaciones de estrés, y sus conseqüências.Palabras clave: enfermedad coronaria, emociones, tasa cardíaca, experiência sintomatológica CARDIAC RATE AND SYMPTOM IN WOMEN WITH INFARCTABSTRACT: The present work tries to settle down if some of the components of Type A Behavior Pattern (TABP) can be used with some credibility to locate an eventual risk of coronary dysfunction. The sample was composed by women that had suffered a myocardial infarct. Using the S Factor of the Jenkins Activity Survey, two groups of women were formed: with high and low score. To all these women the heart rate during a test of effort was measured, and also, the incidence of diverse symptoms along three months after the hospital depart. Our results allow us to suggest that the Factor S of the JAS, which measures speed and impatience, seems an appropriate approach to investigate the risk of coronary illness. So, the women that punctuated high in this factor showed specific psychophysiological profiles, in which a slow recovery after the effort phase was observed. Also, these women experienced a higher incidence of psychological symptoms. This fact makes us suggest that Type A women seem to be more sensitive in the perception of the stress situations.Key words: coronary illness, emotions, heart rate, symptoms experience La sociedad actual presenta una enorme variedad de situaciones estresantes a las que se deben enfrentar diariamente los ciudadanos. Estas situaciones pueden llegar a provocar reacciones fisiológicas excesivamente intensas y prolongadas, haciendo que algunos indivíduos sean más propensos que otros a reaccionar de forma desadaptativa a tales desafios y, consecuentemente, a sufrir los efectos 1 Artigo recebido para publicação em 11/00; aceito em 06/01 2 Endereço para correspondência: Francesc Palmero, Departamento de Psicologia Básica, Clínica y Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume 1,12080, Ca...

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Effect of Task Overload Upon Cardiovascular and Plasma Catcholamine Responses in Type A and B Individuals

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

New markers for type A behavior: pupil size and platelet epinephrine.

New markers for type A behavior: pupil size and platelet epinephrine.

The Type A Behavior Pattern and Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis

Tasa cardíaca y síntomatología en mujeres con infarto de miocardio

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