Effect of Surgical versus Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty on Perception of the Patient

Kassir, Ramtin; Kassir, Sheila; Hofmann, Luzi; Breyer, Nikita; Cotofana, Sebastian; Moellhoff, Nicholas; Alfertshofer, Michael; Cajkovsky, Mia; Frank, Konstantin; Kohler, Lukas

doi:10.1016/j.fsc.2022.01.004

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…17 Two additional studies analyzed visual gaze patterns after open neck surgery compared with no neck scars. 18,19 Eleven studies involved facial esthetic surgery, including prominent ears, 20 rhytidectomy, 21,22 rhinoplasty, 23,24 periorbital rejuvenation, 25,26 and minimally invasive procedures. 27,28 Two studies were designed to test visual gaze of observers looking at facial images.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall time of fixation of lateral images of surgical rhinoplasty and number of fixations have been reported to increase significantly despite marked improvement in nasal esthetic profile compared with nonsurgical intervention. 24 As for assessing a female subjects with ET technology by male observers, despite significant differences in attractiveness preferences regarding breast shape, volume, and areola size across countries, measuring numbers of visual fixations, dwell times, and initial fixations showed that the initial visual fixation involved either the breasts or the waist, more than the face or the lower body, looking more often and for longer time at the breasts irrespective of the waist-to-hip ratio. 52 Furthermore, analysis of visual perception of breast esthetics and symmetry showed that nipple-areola complex and lower breast are key focus areas irrespective of observers' sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, this is in contradistinction to what may be expected when comparing surgical to nonsurgical rhinoplasty. Overall time of fixation of lateral images of surgical rhinoplasty and number of fixations have been reported to increase significantly despite marked improvement in nasal esthetic profile compared with nonsurgical intervention 24 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Narrative Review of Eye-Tracking Assessment of Esthetic Endpoints in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Craniofacial Surgery

Atiyeh,

Emsieh,

Hakim

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Reporting of esthetic outcomes in plastic surgery relies classically on ill-defined endpoints and subjective measures very often from the patients’ and/or providers’ perspectives that are notoriously characterized by subjectivity and questionable solid scientific validation. With the recent trend of increasing demand for all types of esthetic medical and surgical interventions, there is an urgent need for reliable and objective outcome measures to quantitate esthetic outcomes and determine the efficacy of these interventions. The current review is intended to analyze available evidence regarding advantages as well as limitations of eye-tracking (ET) technology in objectively documenting esthetic outcomes of plastic, reconstructive, and craniofacial interventions. Although gaze pattern analysis is gaining more attention, ET data should be interpreted with caution; how a specific visual stimulus directly influences one’s sense of esthetics is still not clear. Furthermore, despite its great potentials, it is still too early to confirm or deny ET usefulness. Nevertheless, patient-reported outcomes being most indicative of an esthetic intervention success, measurement of patients’ satisfaction by ET technology could offer a major breakthrough in objective assessment of esthetic outcomes that need further in-depth investigation. Evidence level: Level III.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Narrative Review of Eye-Tracking Assessment of Esthetic Endpoints in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Craniofacial Surgery

Atiyeh,

Emsieh,

Hakim

et al. 2023

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Searching for Signs of Plastic Surgery on the Face: Tracking the Eyes of Where Observers Look

Fearington,

Pumford,

Awadallah

et al. 2024

Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine

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How We Look At Mature Faces—An Eye-Tracking Investigation Into the Perception of Age

Frank

Ehrl

Bernardini³

et al. 2022

Aesthetic Surgery Journal

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Background It is still unclear which facial region contributes most to the perception of an aged face when evaluated by eye tracking analyses. Objective To apply eye tracking technology to identify whether mature faces require longer fixation durations than young faces and which facial region contributes most to the perception of a mature face. Methods Eye tracking analyses were conducted in 74 volunteers (37 males, 37 females; 43 ≤ 40 years, 31 > 40 years) evaluating their gaze pattern and the fixation durations for the entire face and nine facial subregions. Frontal facial images of 16 young (< 40 years) and old (> 40 years) gender-matched individuals were presented in a standardized setting. Results Independent of age or gender of the observer, a young stimulus image was viewed shorter than an old stimulus image with 0.82 (0.63) sec vs. 1.06 (0.73) sec with p < 0.001. There was no statistically significant difference in their duration of a stable eye fixation when observers inspected a male vs. a female stimulus image with 0.94 (0.70) sec vs. 0.94 (0.68) sec and p = 0.657 independent of the observers age or gender. The facial image which captured the most attention of the observer (rank 9) was the perioral region with 1.61 (0.73) sec for young observers and 1.57 (0.73) sec for old observers. Conclusions It was revealed that the perioral region attracts the most attention of observers and contributes most to an aged facial appearance. Practitioners should be mindful of the importance of the perioral region when designing an aesthetic treatment plan.

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Effect of Surgical versus Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty on Perception of the Patient

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

A Narrative Review of Eye-Tracking Assessment of Esthetic Endpoints in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Craniofacial Surgery

A Narrative Review of Eye-Tracking Assessment of Esthetic Endpoints in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Craniofacial Surgery

Searching for Signs of Plastic Surgery on the Face: Tracking the Eyes of Where Observers Look

How We Look At Mature Faces—An Eye-Tracking Investigation Into the Perception of Age

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