Effect of surface morphology on friction of graphene on various substrates

Cho, Dae‐Hyun; Wang, Lei; Kim, Jin Seon; Lee, Gwan Hyoung; Kim, Eok Su; Lee, Sunhee; Lee, Sang Yoon; Hone, James; Lee, Changgu

doi:10.1039/c3nr34181j

Cited by 160 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Considering that surface topography can significantly affect the friction characteristics of two-dimensional materials [20,23], the MoS 2 specimens were examined using AFM prior to the friction loop measurements. The AFM topographic images of mechanically exfoliated single-layer MoS 2 and CVD-grown single-layer MoS 2 at 800 °C , 850 °C , and 900 °C obtained with the intermittent contact mode are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many factors, such as the number of layers [14,17], surface topography [20,23], interactions with the substrate [21], and crystalline orientation [18] can affect the friction characteristics of two-dimensional materials, in addition to the experimental and environmental conditions [24]. The dependence of |www.Springer.com/journal/40544 | Friction http://friction.tsinghuajournals.com MoS 2 friction characteristics on the surface topography is not clearly indicated in Figs.…”

Section: E and 1gmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Friction characteristics of mechanically exfoliated and CVD-grown single-layer MoS2

Khac

et al. 2017

Friction

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Abstract:In this work, the friction characteristics of single-layer MoS 2 prepared with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at three different temperatures were quantitatively investigated and compared to those of single-layer MoS 2 prepared using mechanical exfoliation. The surface and crystalline qualities of the MoS 2 specimens were characterized using an optical microscope, atomic force microscope (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy. The surfaces of the MoS 2 specimens were generally flat and smooth. However, the Raman data showed that the crystalline qualities of CVD-grown single-layer MoS 2 at 800 °C and 850 °C were relatively similar to those of mechanically exfoliated MoS 2 whereas the crystalline quality of the CVD-grown single-layer MoS 2 at 900 °C was lower. The CVD-grown single-layer MoS 2 exhibited higher friction than mechanically exfoliated single-layer MoS 2 , which might be related to the crystalline imperfections in the CVD-grown MoS 2 . In addition, the friction of CVD-grown single-layer MoS 2 increased as the CVD growth temperature increased. In terms of tribological properties, 800 °C was the optimal temperature for the CVD process used in this work. Furthermore, it was observed that the friction at the grain boundary was significantly larger than that at the grain, potentially due to defects at the grain boundary. This result indicates that the temperature used during CVD should be optimized considering the grain size to achieve low friction characteristics. The outcomes of this work will be useful for understanding the intrinsic friction characteristics of single-layer MoS 2 and elucidating the feasibility of single-layer MoS 2 as protective or lubricant layers for micro-and nano-devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E and 1gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction characteristics of mechanically exfoliated and CVD-grown single-layer MoS2

Khac

et al. 2017

Friction

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“…Based on solid experimental evidence and finite-element modeling, they suggested that this trend arises from the increase in the susceptibility of the thinner sheet to out-of-plane elastic deformation. Recently, they went a step further and determined the effect of surface morphology on friction with graphene [58]. These measurements revealed that graphene maintains its corrugation level even after it is refolded onto an atomically flat substrate and that both the graphene and the substrate must be ultraflat to achieve the intimate contact necessary for strong adhesion and low friction.…”

Section: Dependence Of Friction On Layer Number and Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Friction of low-dimensional nanomaterial systems

et al. 2014

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When material dimensions are reduced to the nanoscale, exceptional physical mechanics properties can be obtained that differ significantly from the corresponding bulk materials. Here we review the physical mechanics of the friction of low-dimensional nanomaterials, including zero-dimensional nanoparticles, onedimensional multiwalled nanotubes and nanowires, and two-dimensional nanomaterials-such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and transition-metal dichalcogenides-as well as topological insulators. Nanoparticles between solid surfaces can serve as rolling and sliding lubrication, while the interlayer friction of multiwalled nanotubes can be ultralow or significantly high and sensitive to interwall spacing and chirality matching, as well as the tube materials. The interwall friction can be several orders of magnitude higher in binary polarized h-BN tubes than in carbon nanotubes mainly because of wall buckling. Furthermore, current extensive studies on two-dimensional nanomaterials are comprehensively reviewed herein. In contrast to their bulk materials that serve as traditional dry lubricants (e.g., graphite, bulk h-BN, and MoS 2 ), large-area highquality monolayered two-dimensional nanomaterials can serve as single-atom-thick coatings that minimize friction and wear. In addition, by appropriately tuning the surface properties, these materials have shown great promise for creating energy-efficient self-powered electro-opto-magneto-mechanical nanosystems. State-of-theart experimental and theoretical methods to characterize friction in nanomaterials are also introduced.

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“…7,12 This dependence could be different for various materials or morphologies of the substrate because of the variation of the adhesive force between substrate and graphene. [12][13][14] The adhesion between atomic force microscope (AFM) probe and graphene can also affect the friction force and lead to the emergence of an effectively negative friction coefficient. 15 Meanwhile, electro-phonon coupling and shear deformations were also brought to explain the energy dissipation mechanism during the friction process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An atomistic investigation of the effect of strain on frictional properties of suspended graphene

Bai

et al. 2016

AIP Advances

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We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a diamond probe scanned on a suspended graphene to reveal the effect of strain on the frictional properties of suspended graphene. The graphene was subjected to some certain strain along the scanning direction. We compared the friction coefficient obtained from different normal loads and strain. The results show that the friction coefficient can be decreased about one order of magnitude with the increase of the strain. And that can be a result of the decreased asymmetry of the contact region which is caused by strain. The synthetic effect of potential energy and the fluctuation of contact region were found to be the main reason accounting for the fluctuation of the friction force. The strain can reduce the fluctuation of the contact region and improve the stability of friction.

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Effect of surface morphology on friction of graphene on various substrates

Cited by 160 publications

References 40 publications

Friction characteristics of mechanically exfoliated and CVD-grown single-layer MoS2

Friction characteristics of mechanically exfoliated and CVD-grown single-layer MoS2

Friction of low-dimensional nanomaterial systems

An atomistic investigation of the effect of strain on frictional properties of suspended graphene

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