Effect of surface coating on the biodistribution profile of gold nanoparticles in the rat

Abstract

a b s t r a c tSuccessful application of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in biomedicine requires extensive safety assessment for which biokinetic studies are crucial.We evaluated the biodistribution of AuNPs ($20 nm) with different surface coatings: citrate, 11-MUA and 3 pentapeptides, CALNN, CALND and CALNS, after i.v. administration to rats (0.6-1 mg Au/kg). Biodistribution was evaluated based on Au tissue content measured by GFAAS.Citrate-AuNPs were rapidly removed from circulation with 60% of the injected dose depositing in the liver. Thirty minutes post-injection, the lungs presented about 6% of the injected dose with levels decreasing to 0.7% at 24 h. Gold levels in the spleen were of 2.6%. After 24 h, liver presented the highest Au level, followed by spleen and blood.A similar biodistribution profile was observed for MUA-coated AuNPs compared to Cit-AuNPs at 24 h post-injection, while significantly higher levels of peptide-capped AuNPs were found in the liver (74-86%) accompanied by a corresponding decrease in blood levels.TEM analysis of liver slices showed AuNPs in Kupffer cells and hepatocytes, trapped inside endosomes. Our data demonstrate that AuNPs are rapidly distributed and that the liver is the preferential accumulation organ. Peptide capping significantly increased hepatic uptake, showing the influence of AuNPs functionalization in biodistribution.

Preparation and Characterization of Ganciclovir Loaded Glutathione Modified Gold Nanoparticles

“…However, in TEM images no difference in particle size was observed this might be due to measurement of only electron dense gold core in TEM analysis ( fig. 5) [22] . TEM micrograph of gold nanoparticles indicates that the gold nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed with spherical shape.…”

“…Citrate-AuNPs were synthesized using HAuCl 4 and sodium citrate according to the Turkevich method [21][22] . Briefly, 50 ml of 0.58 mM HAuCl 4 was boiled in a conical flask under continuous stirring, 1 ml of 52.6 mM sodium citrate was added and heated for another 15 min.…”

Effect of inhibitors of endocytosis and NF-kB signal pathway on folate-conjugated nanoparticle endocytosis by rat Kupffer cells

“…3, 4 Morais et al 5 evaluated the biodistribution of 20 nm gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with six different surface coatings and demonstrated that GNPs are rapidly distributed, while liver is the preferential accumulation organ, with GNPs trapped in KCs, hepatocytes, and endosomes. Sadauskas et al 6 showed that GNPs, independent of size (2 and 40 nm), were taken up primarily by KCs in the liver and secondarily by macrophages at other sites.…”

Evaluation of oxidative response and tissular damage in rat lungs exposed to silica-coated gold nanoparticles under static magnetic fields

“…[34][35][36] In addition, many investigations reported that following parenteral administration, GNPs were detected in blood, lungs, heart, liver, spleen, stomach, small intestine, and kidneys. [37][38][39][40] Moreover, previous investigations showed that distribution of GNPs in tissue is size-dependent, 34,35 dose-dependent, 36 and surface charge-dependent. 37,38 Furthermore, James et al 41 examined the biodistribution of GNPs and demonstrated a high accumulation of GNPs in lung 4 hours, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days following the single administration.…”

“…[37][38][39][40] Moreover, previous investigations showed that distribution of GNPs in tissue is size-dependent, 34,35 dose-dependent, 36 and surface charge-dependent. 37,38 Furthermore, James et al 41 examined the biodistribution of GNPs and demonstrated a high accumulation of GNPs in lung 4 hours, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days following the single administration. Previous data pointed that parenteral or oral administration of metals induces biosynthesis of metallothioneins (MTs).…”