Effect of surface chemistry of graphene and its content on the properties of ethylene dichloride‐ and disodium tetrasulfide‐based polysulfide polymer nanocomposites

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared via Hummers' method and reduced by hydrazine monohydrate to obtain rGO. GO and rGO nanosheets with different contents were used in in situ interfacial polymerization of 1,2-dichloromethane (EDC) and disodium tetrasulfide (Na 2 S 4 ). The success of oxidation and reduction of nanosheets were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) was used to determine the molecular weights of polymers. Also, dispersion of nanosheets in polymeric matrix was studied by XRD and thermal stability and thermophysical properties of nanocomposites were investigated by TGA and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that incorporation of nanosheets leads to lower molecular weight of matrix polymer whereas reduced nanosheets were dispersed more appropriately in matrix. According to TGA results, dispersion of nanosheets and molecular weight of the matrix are prominent factors in thermal stability of nanocomposites. Also, all samples showed glass transition temperature (T g ) less than 08C, a cold crystallization temperature (T cc ), and subsequent melting (T m ) affected by loading content of nanosheets. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:E515-E524, 2017. V C 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers EXPERIMENTAL Materials Graphite fine powder (Merck, extra pure), sodium nitrate (Fluka, > 99%, NaNO 3 ), sulfuric acid (Merck, 98%, H 2 SO 4 ), potassium permanganate (Merck, 99%, KMnO 4 ), hydrogen peroxide (Mojallali, 35%, H 2 O 2 ),

Polybutadiene Rubber/Graphene Nanocomposites Prepared via In Situ Coordination Polymerization Using the Neodymium-Based Ziegler–Natta Catalyst

“…The high aspect ratio and the surface area of graphene provided a high interfacial area in the PBR composites. Similar results have also been reported for incorporation of GNSs in polysulfide polymers . Char yield of nanocomposites was increased by GNS incorporation into nanocomposites.…”

“…Similar results have also been reported for incorporation of GNSs in polysulfide polymers. 66 Char yield of nanocomposites was increased by GNS incorporation into nanocomposites. The char yield of neat PBR was approximately 1.0% at 800 °C, whereas it increased to about 5.0% for PBR-GN-1.0.…”

Fabrication of high thermal stable cured novolac/Cloisite 30B nanocomposites by chemical modification of resin structure

“…This improvement in thermal stability originated from layered structure of Cloisite 30B, which barricades hot volatile gasses of matrix decomposition. Besides, two models, namely, “barrier model” and “nanoconfinement theory,” describe this thermal improvement. In former, thermal decomposition initiates from the surface and results in increasing the content of nanosheets as a protective layer.…”

Low-temperature vapor reduction of graphene oxide electrodes for vertical organic field-effect transistors

“…[20][21][22][23] In this regard, chemical reduction is preferred because of its low reduction temperature. [24][25][26][27][28] In particular, chemical reduction by the vapor phase is more promising because dipping the substrate with the GO film in a hot reducing solution would inevitably ruin and even peel off the rGO film from the substrate, 20,29 which would greatly degrade the device performance. The rGO films prepared by vapor phase reduction, such as with hydrazine vapor, normally suffer from poor electrical conductivity, and further thermal reduction treatment (4300 1C) is usually required to improve their electrical properties.…”