Effect of supplementation with polyphenol extract of Thymus atlanticus on paraoxonase‐1 activity, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in high‐fat diet‐fed hamsters

Abstract

The consumption of high-fat diets is associated with oxidative stress and metabolic disorders, such as hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance (Duan et al., 2018). Hyperlipidemia causes oxidative stress as a consequence of increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (Lian et al., 2020). Most studies have reported that oxidative conditions are associated with several diseases and, together with hyperlipidemia, constitute two major factors involved in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications, such as stroke and coronary heart disease (Sies et al., 2017).Increased plasma lipid levels harm glucose metabolism and lead to

Thymus atlanticus: A Source of Nutrients with Numerous Health Benefits and Important Therapeutic Potential for Age-Related Diseases

“…Studies have shown that polyphenol-rich extracts of Thymus atlanticus ameliorated Triton-induced acute hyperlipidemia in rats, hamsters, and mice [ 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Thymus atlanticus polyphenol-rich extracts were also found to be efficacious in reducing hyperlipidemia, notably total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, in chronically high-fat diet-treated hamsters [ 44 ]. The anti-hyperlipidemic effect of the Thymus atlanticus polyphenol-rich extract was partially explained by its ability to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis, as reflected by the reduction in the hepatic expression of HMG-CoA reductase observed in chronically high-fat diet-treated hamsters [ 45 ].…”

“…Moreover, the polyphenol extract of Thymus atlanticus was found to inhibit the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) by macrophage cultures activated by lipopolysaccharides in a dose-dependent manner [ 34 ]. Interestingly, paraoxonase-1, a well-known molecule playing a central role in protecting arteries against atherosclerosis [ 49 ], was found to be ameliorated in association with decreased lipid peroxidation in the polyphenol extract of Thymus atlanticus combined with fat-diet-treated hamsters [ 44 ]. These effects could be mediated by rosmarinic acid and apigenin.…”

“…Previous investigations have shown that supplementation with a polyphenol extract of Thymus Atlanticus prevented the development of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in 63-day-old high-fat-fed hamsters [ 44 ]. The mechanism underlying these effects was thought to be attributed to the modulation of oxidative stress, as reflected by the reduction in the increase of malondialdehyde [ 44 ].…”

“…Previous investigations have shown that supplementation with a polyphenol extract of Thymus Atlanticus prevented the development of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in 63-day-old high-fat-fed hamsters [ 44 ]. The mechanism underlying these effects was thought to be attributed to the modulation of oxidative stress, as reflected by the reduction in the increase of malondialdehyde [ 44 ]. Ramchoun et al [ 43 ] have reported that an aqueous extract and polyphenol fraction derived from Thymus atlanticus leaves had no effects on blood glucose levels but effectively prevented hyperinsulinemia in Triton-induced hyperlipidemia hamsters.…”