Effect of supplemental l-threonine on mucin 2 gene expression and intestine mucosal immune and digestive enzymes activities of laying hens in environments with high temperature and humidity

Azzam, Mahmoud M.; Zou, Xiaoting; Dong, Xin; Xie, Ping

doi:10.3382/ps.2011-01574

Cited by 63 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Goblet cells secrete the threonine-and proline-rich glycoprotein, mucin 2. There is increased expression of mucin 2 in both the jejunum and ileum with the addition of threonine to basal diets (Azzam et al, 2011). There are large increases in the number of goblet cells in the jejunum between day 19 of embryonic development and hatching and a further increase to 3 days post hatching (Smirnov et al, 2006).…”

Section: Small Intestinementioning

confidence: 98%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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This review provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) of poultry, particularly of the domesticated chicken. The structure and functioning of the major regions of the GIT are discussed bringing together recent studies with the older, often neglected, literature. Attention is focused on the GIT as an immune organ and on GIT fermentation/bacterial colonisation. In addition, the interactions of nutrition with GIT biology are discussed. The roles of neuropeptides and hormones on the development and functioning of the GIT are extensively reviewed.

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Section: Small Intestinementioning

confidence: 98%

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Scanes

Pierzchała-Koziec

2014

Avian Biology Research

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“…Under normal physiological conditions, MUC2 secretion is necessary to replenish and maintain a suitable thickness of the mucous layer in the intestine, because this layer is often sloughed off by intestinal movement, chemical compounds and microbial derived factors (Dharmani et al, 2008; Horn et al, 2009). Different factors such as microbial colonization in the intestine can effect the production, secretion and composition of mucin (Forder et al, 2007; Azzam et al, 2011). According to previous investigations intestinal microbiota affected mucin turnover by stimulation of mucin gene expression (Smirnov et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bacillus subtilis and Lactic Acid Bacteria Probiotics Influences Intestinal Mucin Gene Expression, Histomorphology and Growth Performance in Broilers

Aliakbarpour

Chamani

Rahimi

et al. 2012

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

152

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ABSTRACT:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of commercial monostrain and multistrain probiotics in diets on growth performance, intestinal morphology and mucin gene (MUC2) expression in broiler chicks. Three hundred seventy-eight 1-d-old male Arian broiler chicks were allocated in 3 experimental groups for 6 wk. The birds were fed on a corn-soybean based diet and depending on the addition were labeled as follows: control-unsupplemented (C), birds supplemented with Bacillus subtilis (BS) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) based probiotics. Each treatment had 6 replicates of 21 broilers each. Treatment effects on body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and biomarkers such as intestinal goblet cell density, villus length, villus width, and mucin gene expression were determined. Total feed intake did not differ significantly between control birds and those fed a diet with probiotics (p>0.05). However, significant differences in growth performance were found. Final body weight at 42 d of age was higher in birds fed a diet with probiotics compared to those fed a diet without probiotic (p<0.05). Inclusion of Bacillus subtilis based probiotic in the diets also significantly affected feed conversion rate (FCR) compared with control birds (p<0.05). No differences in growth performance were observed in birds fed different types of probiotic supplemented diets. Inclusion of lactic acid bacteria based probiotic in the diets significantly increased goblet cell number and villus length (p<0.05). Furthermore, diets with Bacillus subtilis based probiotics significantly increased gene expression (p<0.05), with higher intestinal MUC2 mRNA in birds fed diet with probiotics compared to those fed the control diet. In BS and LAB probiotic fed chicks, higher growth performance may be related to higher expression of the MUC2 gene in goblet cells and/or morphological change of small intestinal tract. The higher synthesis of the mucin gene after probiotic administration may positively affect bacterial interactions in the intestinal digestive tract, intestinal mucosal cell proliferation and consequently efficient nutrient absorption.

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“…Threonine is related to metabolic processes like acid uric formation and protein synthesis. It has been verified that threonine might function as a nutrient immunomodulator in maintaining the intestinal barrier function (Azzam et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestible threonine to lysine ratio in diets for laying hens aged 24-40 weeks

Rocha

Gomes²,

Donzele³

et al. 2013

R. Bras. Zootec.

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-Two-hundred sixteen white laying hens were used to assess the ideal ratio of digestible threonine:lysine in diets for laying hens at 24 to 40 weeks of age. Birds were assigned to a randomized block design, with six treatments, six replicates per treatment and six birds per experimental unit. The cage was used as the blocking criterion. Experimental diets contained different digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios (65, 70, 75, 80, 85 and 90%) with 142 g/kg of crude protein.Experimental diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric with different contents of L-glutamic acid. Feed intake (g/hen/d), egg production (%), egg weight (g), egg mass (g/hen/d), feed conversion ratio (kg/dozen and kg/kg egg), eggshell weight (g), albumen weight (g), yolk weight (g) and body weight gain (g) were assessed. The maximum egg production was observed at 78% digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratio, while the best values of feed conversion ratio (kg/dozen egg) and feed conversion ratio (kg/kg of egg) were observed at 77.6% and 75%, respectively. Feed intake, egg mass and egg contents (yolk, albumen and eggshell) were not affected by treatments. The estimated digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratio of Hy-Line W36 laying hens at 24 to 40 weeks of age is 78%, corresponding to 5.70 g/kg of dietary digestible threonine.

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Effect of supplemental l-threonine on mucin 2 gene expression and intestine mucosal immune and digestive enzymes activities of laying hens in environments with high temperature and humidity

Cited by 63 publications

References 23 publications

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

Biology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Poultry

The Bacillus subtilis and Lactic Acid Bacteria Probiotics Influences Intestinal Mucin Gene Expression, Histomorphology and Growth Performance in Broilers

Digestible threonine to lysine ratio in diets for laying hens aged 24-40 weeks

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