“…The interaction of the alkyl xanthate collectors with platinum and gold, copper, − lead, silver, , and mineral surfaces such as chalcocite, , pyrite and chalcopyrite, − galena, ,,, and a mixture of chalcocite and bornite has also been investigated. In these studies, both electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry, − ,,,,, open circuit potential, , potential step, , nanoelectrogravimetric, and contact angle 10,13,14 measurements) and surface characterization techniques (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ,,, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ,,, surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (SERS), and UV−visible spectroscopy 8,10,14 ) were employed to obtain insight into the nature of the electrochemical processes and to identify the products formed on the electrode surface under the different experimental conditions assayed. In general, the mechanisms by means of which the collectors act on the metal or mineral electrode surface can be expressed by the following global reactions:
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