Effect of sugars on salt reception in true slime moldPhysarum polycephalum

Terayama, Kazuyuki; Ueda, Tetsuo; Kurihara, Kenzo; Kobatake, Yonosuke

doi:10.1007/bf01870309

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This result suggests that in the spot experiments, the exploration behavior of slime mold is mostly controlled by the substrate. Our observation confirms that salt reception can be affected by the presence of sugars 47 . The authors in 47 showed that the “apparent” enthalpy change accompanying salt perception decreases with increase of sugar concentration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In this paper the objectives are to characterize the morphology and dynamics of Physarum exploring various environments. First, we investigate how movement is affected by homogeneous environmental conditions: adverse environment (using salt as a repellent 47 ; nutritive environments (using glucose as a chemo-attractant 48,49 with 2 different concentrations) and a neutral environment (using plain agar). Second, we analyze the geometrical evolution of slime molds placed at a distance from a nutritive spot (glucose), with and without a repelling spot (salt) in between.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substrate composition directs slime molds behavior

Patino-Ramirez

Boussard

Arson

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Cells, including unicellulars, are highly sensitive to external constraints from their environment. Amoeboid cells change their cell shape during locomotion and in response to external stimuli. Physarum polycephalum is a large multinucleated amoeboid cell that extends and develops pseudopods. In this paper, changes in cell behavior and shape were measured during the exploration of homogenous and non-homogenous environments that presented neutral, and nutritive and/or adverse substances. In the first place, we developed a fully automated image analysis method to measure quantitatively changes in both migration and shape. Then we measured various metrics that describe the area covered, the exploration dynamics, the migration rate and the slime mold shape. Our results show that: (1) Not only the nature, but also the spatial distribution of chemical substances affect the exploration behavior of slime molds; (2) Nutritive and adverse substances both slow down the exploration and prevent the formation of pseudopods; and (3) Slime mold placed in an adverse environment preferentially occupies previously explored areas rather than unexplored areas using mucus secretion as a buffer. Our results also show that slime molds migrate at a rate governed by the substrate up until they get within a critical distance to chemical substances.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate composition directs slime molds behavior

Patino-Ramirez

Boussard

Arson

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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show abstract

“…This result suggests that in the spot experiments, the exploration behavior of slime mold is mostly controlled by the substrate. Our observation confirms that salt reception can be affected by the presence of sugars (46). The authors in (46) showed that the “apparent” enthalpy change accompanying salt perception decreases with increase of sugar concentration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In this paper the objectives are to characterize the morphology and dynamics of Physarum exploring various environments. First, we investigate how movement is affected by homogeneous environmental conditions: adverse environment (using salt as a repellent (46); nutritive environments (using glucose as a chemo-attractant (47,48) with 2 different concentrations) and a neutral environment (using plain agar). Second, we analyze the geometrical evolution of slime molds placed at a distance from a nutritive spot (glucose), with and without a repelling spot (salt) in between.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenesis and dynamics of slime molds in various environments

Patino-Ramirez

Boussard

Arson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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29Cells, including unicellulars, are highly sensitive to external constraints from their 30 environment. Amoeboid cells change their cell shape during locomotion and in 31 response to external stimuli. Physarum polycephalum is a large multinucleated 32 amoeboid cell that extends and develops pseudopods. In this paper, changes in cell 33 behavior and shape were measured during the exploration of homogenous and non-34 homogenous environments that presented neutral, and nutritive and/or adverse 35 substances. In the first place, we developed a fully automated image analysis 36 method to measure quantitatively changes in both migration and shape. Then we 37 measured various metrics that describe the area covered, the exploration dynamics, 38 the migration rate and the slime mold shape. Our results show that: 1) Not only the 39 nature, but also the spatial distribution of chemical substances affect the exploration 40 behavior of slime molds; 2) Nutritive and adverse substances both slow down the 41 exploration and prevent the formation of pseudopods; and 3) Slime mold placed in 42 an adverse environment preferentially occupies previously explored areas rather 43 than unexplored areas using mucus secretion as a buffer. Our results also show that 44 slime molds migrate at a rate governed by the substrate up until they get within a 45 critical distance to chemical substances. 46 47 Author summary 53 54Physarum polycephalum, also called slime mold, is a giant single-celled organism 55 that can grow to cover several square meters, forming search fronts that are 56 connected to a system of intersecting veins. An original experimental protocol 57 allowed tracking the shape of slime mold placed in homogenous substrates 58 containing an attractant (glucose) or a repellent (salt), or inhomogeneous substrates 59 that contained an attractive spot (glucose), an eccentric slime mold and a repulsive 60 spot (salt) in between. For the first time, the rate of exploration of unexplored areas 61 (primary growth) and the rate of extension in previously explored areas (secondary 62 growth) were rigorously measured, by means of a sophisticated image analysis 63 program. This paper shows that the chemical composition of the substrate has more 64 influence on the morphology and growth dynamics of slime mold than that of 65 concentrated spots of chemicals. It was also found that on a repulsive substrate, 66 slime mold exhibits a bias towards secondary growth, which suggests that the mucus 67 produced during slime mold migration acts as a protective shell in adverse 68 environments. 69 70We characterize slime molds' movement both temporally and spatially, to capture the 126 6 full dynamics. To this aim, we develop a program that automatically analyzes 127 sequences of images to track the areas covered and explored by the slime mold, the 128 slime mold shape, the refinement and secondary growth cycles, as well as the 129 distance to the nutritive spot. 130 131 Results 132 1) Homogeneous environment 133In order to study the influence of the envi...

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“…When two different stimuli do not compete for the same receptor sites, the formula reduces to one predicting the response to a single compound. The effectiveness of a taste stimulus may also be reduced by a second stimulus in a non-competitive way: Terayama et al [38] showed that several sugars, as for instance sucrose and glucose, change the state of the taste cell membrane (of the true slime mold Physarum polycephalum) in such a way that the effectiveness of salts (as NaCI and LiCI) is reduced. If the cell membrane of the slime mold can be considered a model system of the human taste cell membrane this noncompetitive interaction may also occur in humans.…”

Section: Sugar Taste Sweetness Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Masking and adaptation of sugar sweetness intensity

Kroeze

1979

Physiology & Behavior

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KROEZE, J. H. A.Masking and adaptation of sugar sweetness intensity. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. 22(2) 347-351, 1979.-Subjects indicated the sweetness of solutions of sucrose and a mixture of sucrose and sodium chloride by means of magnitude scaling. The adapting effects of sucrose, sodium chloride and a mixture of both substances were investigated. The stimuli were delivered by a flow system to pre-defined tongue areas. Following adaptation to sucrose and to the mixture the subjective intensity of sugar sweetness decreased 54.2% and 54.6% respectively: these differences are statistically significant. Also a significant masking effect of sodium chloride was observed (87.9% reduction). No indications of cross-adaptation were found. The results were interpreted in favour of the independency of adaptation and masking.

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Effect of sugars on salt reception in true slime moldPhysarum polycephalum

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Substrate composition directs slime molds behavior

Substrate composition directs slime molds behavior

Morphogenesis and dynamics of slime molds in various environments

Masking and adaptation of sugar sweetness intensity

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