Effect of Substrate Temperature on Cold-Gas-Sprayed Coatings on Ceramic Substrates

Ernst, Klaus; Braeutigam, J.; Gaertner, Frank; Klassen, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s11666-012-9871-x

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…While the latter can be influenced significantly by the substrate material, temperature and surface conditions, the former might seem to be independent of the substrate-related factors [3,8,15,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. This is in fact not true.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of thermal properties and temperature of substrate on the quality of cold-sprayed deposits

et al. 2017

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The properties of cold-sprayed deposits are often considered to depend mainly on the particle velocity and the particle temperature. The present paper demonstrates, through systematic experimentation and multi-scale modelling, that the substrate properties, too, influence the deposit properties, even in the regions far away from the substrate/deposit interface. Cold spraying experiments were performed with copper and titanium powders, using fixed process parameters, but different substrate materials and different substrate temperatures. As a measure of coating quality, the electrical conductivity of the coatings was evaluated on the top surface of (0.8-1 mm) thick coatings. The coating conductivity was found to depend strongly on the initial temperature and the thermal effusivity of the substrate. The mechanical properties of the substrate, also, influence the local coating properties, but only in the regions within 50 µm distance from the substrate/coating interface. The temperature and the thermal effusivity of the substrate control the instantaneous temperature of the top surface layer of the already deposited material, thus influencing the extent of particle bonding and the coating properties. These findings underline the role of thermal management in cold spraying.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of thermal properties and temperature of substrate on the quality of cold-sprayed deposits

et al. 2017

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“…The trend and the intensity of this effect depend on the combination of coating-substrate materials and on the surface oxidation of the substrate, which may occur due to excessive preheating time or temperature [166]. For the case of copper sprayed on ceramic (alumina) substrates, increased substrate temperature resulted in significant increase of not only the adhesive strength, but also the overall coating quality [167]. This may be attributed to some extent to partial recovery of the deposit during spraying.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cold spraying – A materials perspective

et al. 2016

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Cold spraying is a solid-state powder deposition process with several unique characteristics, allowing production of coatings or bulk components from a wide range of materials. The process has attracted much attention from academia and industry over the past two decades.The technical interest in cold spraying is twofold: first as a coating process for applications in surface technology, and second as a solid-state additive manufacturing process, offering an alternative to selective laser melting or electron beam melting methods. Moreover, cold spraying can be used to study materials behaviour under extremely high strain rates, high pressures and high cooling rates. The cold spraying process is thus considered to be relevant for various industrial applications, as well as for fundamental studies in materials science.This article aims to provide an overview of the cold spray process, the current understanding of the deposition mechanisms, and the related models and experiments, from a materials science perspective. IntroductionCold spraying (CS) is a solid-state material deposition technique, where micron-sized particles of a powder bond to a substrate as a result of high-velocity impact and the associated severe plastic deformation. Acceleration of particles to high velocities is obtained via expansion of a pressurised and (ironically) 'hot' gas through a diverging-converging nozzle.Despite heating the process gas -which is to provide higher acceleration of the gas and also to facilitate particle deformation through thermal softening -the feedstock remains in the solid state throughout the entire process; hence the name 'cold' spraying. This is to underline the contrast to conventional thermal spraying where particles are completely or partially molten upon impact onto the substrate. Alternative terminology includes cold gas spray, micro cold spray, cold gas dynamic spray, kinetic spray, supersonic particle deposition and metal powder application (MPA), all of which refer to the same principle of solid-state powder deposition as described above. CS is used for coating and repair. It is also used for additive manufacturing (AM) at relatively high deposition rates as compared to the methods based on selective laser or electron beam melting. The main advantage of CS is that it alleviates the problems associated with high temperature processing of materials, such as oxidation and unfavourable structural changes. It is possibly the only continuous method to produce bulk components of metastable materials that are available only in the powder form, e.g. as obtained from mechanical attrition or gas atomisation. The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of CS from a materials perspective, particularly for a broader audience in materials research, e.g. with interest in dynamic phenomena, plasticity and phase transformations. In terms of application and properties, CS is perhaps best to be compared to thermal spraying processes, as in [24,25]. In view of relevant physical phenomena, however, CS is mos...

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“…Activation effect can be enabled by substrate preheating most especially when soft Cu particles are deposited onto a hard substrate such as Al 2 O 3 [71]. The decomposition and evaporation at the interface of Al 2 O 3 free surface occur when increasing the substrate preheating temperature leading to Cu/Al 2 O 3 adhesion as metallic/ceramic deposition during cold spraying [84].…”

Section: Helium (He)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative review on cold gas dynamic spraying processes and technologies

Oyinbo

Jen

2019

Manufacturing Rev.

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Cold gas dynamic spraying (CGDS) is a relatively new technology of cold spraying techniques that uses converging-diverging (De Laval) nozzle at a supersonic velocity to accelerate different solid powders towards a substrate where it plastically deforms on the substrate. This deformation results in adhesion to the surface. Several materials with viable deposition capability have been processed through cold spraying, including metals, ceramics, composite materials, and polymers, thereby creating a wide range of opportunities towards harnessing various properties. CGDS is one of the innovative cold spraying processes with fast-growing scientific interests and industrial applications in the field of aerospace, automotive and biotechnology, over the past years. Cold gas spraying with a wide range of materials offers corrosion protection and results in increases in mechanical durability and wear resistance. It creates components with different thermal and electrical conductivities than that substrates would yield, or produces coatings on the substrate components as thermal insulators and high fatigue-strength coatings, and for clearance control, restoration and repairing, or prostheses with improved wear, and produces components with attractive appearances. This review extensively exploits the latest developments in the experimental analysis of CGDS processes. Cold gas dynamic spraying system, coating formation and deposit development, description of process parameter and principles, are summarized. Industrial applications and prospectives of CGDS in future research are also commented.

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Effect of Substrate Temperature on Cold-Gas-Sprayed Coatings on Ceramic Substrates

Cited by 49 publications

References 37 publications

Influence of thermal properties and temperature of substrate on the quality of cold-sprayed deposits

Influence of thermal properties and temperature of substrate on the quality of cold-sprayed deposits

Cold spraying – A materials perspective

A comparative review on cold gas dynamic spraying processes and technologies

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