Effect of structure in ionised albumin based nanoparticle: Characterisation, Emodin interaction, and in vitro cytotoxicity

Abstract

A γ-irradiated bovine albumin serum-based nanoparticle was characterised structurally, and functionally. The nanoparticle was characterised by A.F.M., D.L.S, zeta potential, T.E.M., gel-electrophoresis, and spectroscopy. We studied the stability of the nanoparticle at different pH values and against time, by fluorescence spectroscopy following the changes in the tryptophan environment in the nanoparticle. The nanoparticle was also functionalized with Folic Acid, its function as a nanovehicle was evaluated through its interaction with the hydrophobic drug Emodin. The binding and kinetic properties of the obtained complex were evaluated by biophysical methods as well as its toxicity in tumor cells. According to its biophysics, the nanoparticle is a spherical nanosized vehicle with a hydrodynamic diameter of 70 nm. Data obtained describe the nanoparticle as nontoxic for cancer cell lines. When combined with Emodin, the nanoparticle proved to be more active on MCF-7 cancer cell lines than the nanoparticle without Emodin. Significantly, the albumin aggregate preserves the main activity-function of albumin and improved characteristics as an excellent carrier of molecules. More than carrier properties, the nanoparticle alone induced an immune response in macrophages which may be advantageous in vaccine and cancer therapy formulation.

Rheological characterization and physical-stability of gamma irradiated anthocyanin-loaded albumin nanoparticles

“…20 %) using G200 Sepharose molecular exclusion column purification. 8 The final BSA-NP concentration was 2 nM. The NP molecular weight estimation was carried out following the method of Siri et al, 2020.…”

“…50 per NP) than BSA. 8 Thus, this NP has a better binding capacity than molecular BSA to carry A, positioning the vehicle as a potential drug delivery system with some advantages over the molecular protein.…”

“…4 This work covers studies on gamma-irradiated albumin nanoparticles that explain the advantages of using BSA-NPs as drug delivery systems for this kind of compound. [5][6][7][8][9] Previous studies position the gamma irradiated nanoparticle as a potential drug delivery system due to its novel design, reproducible manufacture, non-toxicity and stability, among other advantages. [5][6][7][8][9] The use of nanoparticles relies mainly on their design and, particularly, their size, shape, and density.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9] Previous studies position the gamma irradiated nanoparticle as a potential drug delivery system due to its novel design, reproducible manufacture, non-toxicity and stability, among other advantages. [5][6][7][8][9] The use of nanoparticles relies mainly on their design and, particularly, their size, shape, and density. 10 Controlling nanoparticle size and shape is important, as these characteristics may influence the probability of margination when entering the organism.…”

“…14 More importantly, the binding crosslinking between albumin molecules in the nanoparticle does not affect the protein's main function as a carrier. 8 Data obtained contain specific information on how protein molecules might be organized in the nanoparticle, as well as about the possible number of external molecules, their stability and how they can be modified by interacting with anthocyanins.…”