Effect of string bed pattern on ball spin generation from a tennis racket

Nicolaides, A.; Elliott, Nathan; Kelley, John M.; Pinaffo, M.; Allen, Thomas B.

doi:10.1007/s12283-013-0118-y

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The returning movement of the strings acted to increase the spin of the ball, while decreasing its transverse velocity. Recent studies have shown a similar but less pronounced effect can be obtained by reducing the number of cross strings [37,83] or lubricating the strings [36,84].…”

Section: String Bedmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…to simplify the measurement of rebound ball speed, angle and spin and test the string bed in isolation (Figure 4)[32,36,37].Fully constraining the frame does not correspond to realistic player support and impact forces are likely to be significantly higher as the racket cannot recoil. Stereo calibration and high-speed camera techniques provide a means of investigating off-axis and/or oblique impacts on an unconstrained racket -allowing the researcher to measure ball velocity (in three dimensions) and impact location.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A review of tennis racket performance parameters

2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The application of advanced engineering to tennis racket design has influenced the nature of the sport. As a result, the International Tennis Federation has established rules to limit performance, with the aim of protecting the nature of the game. This paper illustrates how changes to the racket affect the racket-player system. The review integrates engineering and biomechanical issues related to tennis racket performance, covering the biomechanical characteristics of tennis strokes, tennis racket performance, the effect of racket parameters on ball rebound and biomechanical interactions. Racket properties influence the rebound of the ball. Ball rebound speed increases with frame stiffness and as string tension decreases. Reducing inter-string contacting forces increases rebound topspin. Historical trends and predictive modelling indicate swingweights of around 0.030 to 0.0350 kg/m 2 are best for high ball speed and accuracy. To fully understand the effect of their design changes, engineers should use impact conditions in their experiments, or models, which reflect those of actual tennis strokes. Sports engineers therefore benefit from working closely with biomechanists to ensure realistic impact conditions.

show abstract

Section: String Bedmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of tennis racket performance parameters

2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The effect of string bed properties on ball spin was investigated in recent researches [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Allen et al (2010) showed that reducing ball/string friction can increase rebound spin by a computational model [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Haake et al (2012) showed that rebound spin was dependent on inter-string friction experimentally [5]. Nicolaides et al (2013) investigated the effect of string bed pattern on ball spin [6]. In these researches, they found that rebound spin decreased with the number of cross strings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Mechanical Characteristics of Tennis Racket String Bed Considering String Pattern

Matsuda

Nakui

Hashiguchi

2018

The 12th Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The effect of string pattern on the mechanical characteristics of a tennis racket were simulated numerically. A numerical simulation program to evaluate deformation of the string bed of a tennis racket was developed using the finite element method. The formulation of a numerical simulation code is described in this paper. The applicability of the developed simulation program was investigated by comparing experimental results of loading tests on string bed specimens, for which the distance between strings was 12 mm. The out-of-plane stiffness and sliding characteristics of strings of an actual racket were simulated using the developed simulation code.

show abstract

“…Reducing the complexity, through head clamping of the tennis racket and limiting impact locations to the GSC, researchers can investigate the mechanics Chapter 2 Literature Review regarding the interaction between the tennis ball and the racket stringbed (Cross, 2003b;Haake, Allen, Jones, Spurr, & Goodwill, 2012;Nicolaides, Elliott, Kelley, Pinaffo, & Allen, 2013). Though this may be beneficial for ball-stringbed impact testing, this method of testing does not represent conditions found within the field of play.…”

Section: Impact Between a Ball And Racket 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Method for Identifying the Relationships between Racket Properties and Playing Characteristics

Karditsas¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The application of advanced engineering in tennis has seen vast changes in playing styles, racket materials and racket design. Although previous researchers have investigated the effects of racket properties during and post ball-racket impacts, the studies focused on limited variation within racket properties. As regulators of the game, the International Tennis Federation monitor racket performance, however, standard laboratory test methods do not exist. The establishment of appropriate testing standards would further the understanding of the effect of racket properties, or racket property combinations, whilst reducing discrepancies between studies. This work aims to identify racket properties resulting in distinct behavioural characteristics through the development of a test protocol accurately simulating different forehand conditions found within the field of play. Classification of the raw player testing data, previously collected from the 2006 Wimbledon Qualifying tournament, identified the characteristics of three specific forehand shots used within the field of play. The forehand shots were identified as either topspin or slice, each possessing different defining characteristics. The results from the player shot classification, five impact positions varying along the longitudinal and transverse axis, and a restrictive torque value representative of hand grip were used in the development of a laboratory test protocol capable of realistically and accurately simulating different forehand shots. Using the developed test protocol for a typical topspin and slice forehand, a total of 39 rackets of varying properties and property combinations, were repeatedly impacted at the relative impact positions. A three-dimensional analysis, through the use of two Phantom High-Speed video cameras, recorded the experimental outputs within a fully calibrated control volume. Reducing the complexity of the data, the experimental outputs were interpreted using clustering techniques, identifying clusters of rackets sharing similar behavioural characteristics. A total of four clusters of distinct behavioural characteristics were identified for both the topspin and slice forehand. Analysis of these clusters revealed that rackets of diverse property combinations can produce similar behavioural characteristics, indicating the importance of varying racket property combinations in this area of research. The relationships between the behavioural clusters and subsequent racket properties were identified using multinomial logistic regression. (MNLR). Investigations revealed a complex dynamic relationship between racket properties and racket behaviour, such that racket behaviour, or performance, is dependent on its physical properties as both individual and interacting entities and are specific to shot type. Therefore, to gain a complete understanding regarding the effects of racket properties on the nature of the game, investigations consider the combined effects of racket properties and their relationship(s) to specific shot types found within the field of play.

show abstract

Effect of string bed pattern on ball spin generation from a tennis racket

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

A review of tennis racket performance parameters

A review of tennis racket performance parameters

Simulation of Mechanical Characteristics of Tennis Racket String Bed Considering String Pattern

Large-Scale Method for Identifying the Relationships between Racket Properties and Playing Characteristics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About