Effect of Stress Level on Response of Model Monopile to Cyclic Lateral Loading in Sand

Richards, I.A.; Bransby, M. F.; Byrne, Byron W.; Gaudin, Christophe; Houlsby, G. T.

doi:10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002447

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Here, the definition of the reference load Href for the determination of the load magnitude (ζb) according to Klinkvort and Hededal (2013) has to be kept in mind (see Table 2). Anyway, such high accumulation parameters (α) from centrifuge tests are contrary to the findings of Richards et al (2021) and the assumption of decreasing accumulation parameters (α) with stress-level. 590…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…1) decreases logarithmically with stress level under otherwise constant boundary conditions. Qualitatively, according to Richards et al (2021) the cyclic responses have been found to be similar across stresslevel, anyway. It is therefore obvious that the present results provide higher accumulation parameters (α) than comparable large-scale experiments or centrifuge tests at higher stress-levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…dilatancy, stiffness, etc.). This assumption can be supported by Richards et al (2021) who investigated the stress effect on the response of model monopiles to unidirectional cyclic lateral loading (ζc = 0) in sand by model tests either at 1g or in the centrifuge. Although in this study an approximation function according to Eq.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A model test study on the parameters affecting the cyclic lateral response of monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines embedded in non-cohesive soils

Frick

Achmus

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. During their service life, monopiles supporting offshore wind turbines are subjected to large numbers of lateral cyclic loads resulting from complex environmental conditions such as wind and waves varying in amplitude, direction, load eccentricity and frequency. The consequential accumulation of displacements and rotations of the foundation structure with cyclic loading is one key concern in the design of monopiles. Nevertheless, the relevant offshore guidelines do not provide suitable procedures for predicting such deformations. Although there are several methods for this purpose in literature, some of them produce very different or even contradictory results, which prevents a consistent approach to dimensioning. This paper briefly summarizes the current standardization regarding design of monopiles for cyclic lateral loading and provides some examples of possible prediction models from the literature. To highlight the need for further research, the predictions according to different approaches are compared and evaluated by a calculation example and a parameter study. Further, the results of a small-scale 1 g model test campaign on the load-displacement behaviour of monopile foundations subjected to lateral cyclic loading and the influencing parameters are presented, evaluated and compared with the findings of other research groups. In this way the tests results can help to support or improve model development and provide insight into key issues relevant to monopile design. The parameters that have been assessed include the cyclic load magnitude, cyclic load ratio, load eccentricity, soil relative density, the grain size distribution of the non-cohesive bedding material as well as the pile embedment length.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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A model test study on the parameters affecting the cyclic lateral response of monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines embedded in non-cohesive soils

Frick

Achmus

2021

Preprint

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“…The applied load can be simplified as a horizontal force acting at certain loading eccentricity (e). According to McAdam et al [10] and Richards et al [9], the equivalent loading eccentricity of horizontal force can be as large as 2.5L.…”

Section: Fe Model Meshmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OWTs are subjected to combined horizontal force and overturning moment simultaneously from the actions of wind, wave and currents. The equivalent loading eccentricity of horizontal force can reach 2.5L (L is pile embedded length) above the ground surface [9,10]. The combined load-bearing behavior of large-diameter rigid piles is one of the most crucial factors in the foundation design of OWTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Pile Diameter and Aspect Ratio on the Lateral Response of Monopiles in Sand with Different Relative Densities

Wang

Hong

et al. 2021

JMSE

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The large-diameter monopiles are the most preferred foundation used in offshore wind farms. However, the influence of pile diameter and aspect ratio on the lateral bearing behavior of monopiles in sand with different relative densities has not been systematically studied. This study presents a series of well-calibrated finite-element (FE) analyses using an advanced state dependent constitutive model. The FE model was first validated against the centrifuge tests on the large-diameter monopiles. Parametric studies were performed on rigid piles with different diameters (D = 4–10 m) and aspect ratios (L/D = 3–7.5) under a wide range of loading heights (e = 5–100 m) in sands with different relative densities (Dr = 40%, 65%, 80%). The API and PISA p-y models were systematically compared and evaluated against the FE simulation results. The numerical results revealed a rigid rotation failure mechanism of the rigid pile, which is independent of pile diameter and aspect ratio. The computed soil pressure coefficient (K = p/Dσ′v) of different diameter piles at same rotation is a function of z/L (z is depth) rather than z/D. The force–moment diagrams at different deflections were quantified in sands of different relative density. Based on the observed pile–soil interaction mechanism, a simple design model was proposed to calculate the combined capacity of rigid piles.

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Performance-Based Design for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction: Application to Offshore Energy Structures

Liu

Kaynia²

2022

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Performance Based Design in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering (Beijing 202

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Effect of Stress Level on Response of Model Monopile to Cyclic Lateral Loading in Sand

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

A model test study on the parameters affecting the cyclic lateral response of monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines embedded in non-cohesive soils

A model test study on the parameters affecting the cyclic lateral response of monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines embedded in non-cohesive soils

Influence of Pile Diameter and Aspect Ratio on the Lateral Response of Monopiles in Sand with Different Relative Densities

Performance-Based Design for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction: Application to Offshore Energy Structures

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