Effect of Strain, Wood Substrate and Cold Treatment on the Yield and β-Glucan Content of Ganoderma lucidum Fruiting Bodies

Abstract

Wood residues from forestry industries can be potential raw materials for specialty and edible mushroom production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of wood residues for the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum originating from boreal forests. The substrates tested included sawdust and wood chips of Betula spp., Populus tremula, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Larix sp. The suitability of the substrates and the ability of the strains to develop fruiting bodies and produce β-glucan were evaluated. Fruiting body formation was supported by applying two different cold shock treatments to substrate bags. The highest yields were observed with MUS192 strain and Betula spp. and P. tremula wood-based substrates. β-Glucan content in the fruiting bodies was highest with the MUS75 and P. tremula wood-based substrate. Based on these findings, the combination of P. tremula wood residues and the MUS192 strain is proposed to enhance the yield and β-glucan content of the fruiting bodies. A cold treatment of 5 °C is suggested to induce primordia formation and to increase fruiting probability. This is the first time that strains of G. lucidum originating from boreal forests have been compared and successfully cultivated simulating commercial indoor cultivation.

Heat Treatment of Reishi Medicinal Mushroom (Ganoderma lingzhi) Basidiocarp Enhanced Its β-glucan Solubility, Antioxidant Capacity and Lactogenic Properties

“…A statistical analysis of the total glucans content also revealed significantly higher values in all of the heat-treated samples than the control ( Figure 4 c). The β-glucan contents reported from Reishi or Ganoderma mushrooms were in a wide range of variability from as low as 4 g 100 g −1 to as high as 55.9 g 100 g −1 of dried materials [ 41 , 42 ]. This high range of deviation in the mentioned values can reflect the taxonomical confusion, improper identification, different growth condition, cultivation practices and the applied extraction methods and quantification techniques.…”

Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi

“…Liquid spawn obtained by submerging fermentation techniques can yield mycelial biomass and a more uniform mycelial biomass in a shorter period [ 26 ]. Sawdust and rice bran substrates are suitable for Polyporale species cultivation for linear growth and spawn production [ 12 , 27 , 28 ]. However, in contrast with earlier studies, oyster mushrooms cultivated on sawdust substrates have more recently been shown to demonstrate a low yield and biological efficacy [ 29 ].…”

Experimental Evaluation of Industrial Mushroom Waste Substrate Using Hybrid Mechanism of Vermicomposting and Effective Microorganisms

“…Earthwormbased composting (vermicomposting) can decompose organic waste to produce odourless humus-like substances that are beneficial to the environment, according to the scientific literature in recent years [7][8][9][10]. Vermicomposting is a key biotechnological composting technology in which various earthworms are adapted to improve the waste conversion process [11][12][13][14], combining an advanced microbe technology with a vermicomposting approach, such as effective microorganism technology, can reduce the time required and shows the stability and maturity of the product.…”

“…Wheat straw, soybean straw or paddy, and other agricultural wastes are valuable residues of edible mushroom production described in Table 1. Mushroom substrates generate almost 1-2 tonnes of waste for every tonne of mushrooms collected [3] and are generally disposed of in landfills, which causes eutrophication of the surface water basins through nutrient leaching or composted after mushroom harvest [4] as well as commonly disposed of through open burning, producing airborne hazards [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”