Effect of strain‐dependent conduction slowing on the re‐entry formation and maintenance in cardiac muscle: 2D computer simulation

Abstract

The effect of mechano‐electrical feedback on re‐entry formation and maintenance was studied using a model of myocardial electromechanics that accounts for two components of myocardial conductivity and delayed strain‐dependent changes in membrane capacitance that causes a conduction slowing. Two scenarios were simulated in 2D numerical experiments: (i) propagation of an excitation–contraction wave beyond the edge of a nonconductive nonexcitable obstacle; (ii) circulation of a re‐entry wave around a nonconductive nonexcitable obstacle. The simulations demonstrated that the delayed strain‐dependent deceleration of the conduction waves promotes the detachment of the excitation‐contraction waves from the sharp edge of an elongated obstacle and modulates the re‐entry waves rotating around a compact obstacle. The data show that the mechano‐electrical feedback, together with an increase in the stimulation frequency and an increase in the excitation threshold, is an arrhythmogenic factor that must be taken into account when analyzing the possibility of the re‐entry formation.