Effect of strain and enviromental conditions on the virulence of Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus; GBS) in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the relationship between farm management, water quality and pathogen outbreaks in tilapia culture

“…Despite the high correlation in the axes management – fish density – water quality – pathogen and diseases outbreak dynamic, only a few quantities of papers reported experimental designs with statistical tests considering the influence of these factors or parameters on disease development (Chang & Plumb, 1996; Evans et al, 2006; Iregui et al, 2016; Li & Cai, 2011; Ndong et al, 2007; Phuoc et al, 2021; Rodkhum et al, 2011; Soto et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2018). Most of analysed papers are empirical records about current conditions during or after an outbreak or massive mortalities, consequently the pathogenic process related to previous conditions is not well known.…”

“…Shinn et al (2015) reported economic losses derived from parasitic infections of juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the United States, for example, $4.84 to $6.66 million USD at the nursery stage, $5.84 to $8.02 million at the monosex stage and $5.13 to $7.05 million at the swim-up stage. It is widely known that most diseases occur as opportunistic infections, and the cause (pathogen) is linked to external (water sources, management) or internal (fish density, low water quality, inadequate food quantity and quality) traits that favour their establishment (Engering et al, 2013;Overstreet & Hawkins, 2017;Phuoc et al, 2021). Nevertheless, in the study of diseases in aquaculture, researchers focus mostly on the identification and isolation of the pathogens and their pathogenicity traits, giving less importance to establish correlations between possible risk factors and the pathogen outbreaks (Peeler & Taylor, 2011).…”

“…It is widely known that most diseases occur as opportunistic infections, and the cause (pathogen) is linked to external (water sources, management) or internal (fish density, low water quality, inadequate food quantity and quality) traits that favour their establishment (Engering et al, 2013; Overstreet & Hawkins, 2017; Phuoc et al, 2021). Nevertheless, in the study of diseases in aquaculture, researchers focus mostly on the identification and isolation of the pathogens and their pathogenicity traits, giving less importance to establish correlations between possible risk factors and the pathogen outbreaks (Peeler & Taylor, 2011).…”

The Combined Use of Pediococcus pentosaceus and Fructooligosaccharide Improves Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Resistance of Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Against Vibrio parahaemolyticus

“…Shrimp used in this study were quarantined for free AHPND, white spot disease, and yellow head disease at Veterinary Clinic, sub-department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine in Thua Thien Hue. Before the start of the feeding experiment, health checks of shrimp were performed by sampling the hepatopancreas of five shrimp directly onto Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts (TCBS, Himedia, Mumbai, India) agar and checking for bacterial growth (Phuoc et al, 2021). A total of 1,200 juveniles with an initial body weight of 0.5( ± 0.1) g were distributed randomly into 12 fiberglass tanks (120 L, 3 tanks per diet, 100 shrimp per tank) equipped with continuous aeration.…”

Comparison of nutritional and flavour attributes of raw and cooked fillets from red tilapia ( Oreochromis sp.) cultured in ponds and containers

“…in China was 1.64 million tonnes in 2019 and accounted for about 35.76% of the world's tilapia production (BOF, NFTEC, & CSF, 2021; FAO, 2021). Previous studies on red tilapia mainly investigated the effects of feed, pathogens and aquaculture environments on the growth and health of fish (Abu Bakar et al, 2021; Kitiyodom et al, 2021; Phuoc et al, 2021; Taufek et al, 2021). The pond culture is a conventional aquacultural mode with various limits such as high mortality rate, low space utilization rate and inefficient water usage (Pucher et al, 2016).…”