Effect of Stimulants on Growth of ADHD Children: A Critical Review

Ptáček, Radek; Kuželová, H.; Paclt, Ivo

doi:10.1007/bf03379556

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…Similar results have been reported in human studies. Weight reduction is the most common adverse effect of MPH in adults (20,21). These findings may explain the relationship between obesity and ADHD ( 22), the role of MPH in the treatment of ADHD-related obesity (23), and the possible mechanism of decreased appetite due to the drug (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chronic Use of Methylphenidate on Spermatogenesis and Sexual Hormones in Adult Male Rats

et al. 2020

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Background: The growing prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the non-medical use of Methylphenidate (MPH) among the youth have lead male infertility to be a major health problem. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the impacts of MPH administration on different aspects of productivity, including total body weight, testis weight, spermatogenesis, sperm motility, histopathology changes, and sex hormone serum levels in male rats. Methods: This study was performed with 54 eight-week-old male rats divided into one control and two experimental groups. The experimental groups were gavaged with 2 and 10 mg/kg methylphenidate daily while the control group was gavaged with normal saline (at the same dosage). After 60 days, rats were subjected to blood sampling and bilateral orchidoepididymectomy under anesthesia. Spermogram, histological, and hormonal evaluations were performed on the samples. Testes weight and total body weight were also recorded. Results: The results revealed significant differences between the MPH and experimental groups in terms of hormonal, spermographic, and histopathologic features, as well as weight. Luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels, sperm count and motility, Leydig cell hyperplasia, spermatogenesis, congestion and necrosis levels, total body weight, and testis weight were significantly different between the experimental and control groups. However, no difference was observed between the experimental and control groups concerning follicle-stimulating hormone, maturation arrest, and edema levels. Conclusions: Based on the findings, MPH exposure exerts a significant effect on the testis and total body weight, as well as hormonal, spermatographic, and histopathologic characteristics. Accordingly, the present study provided an insight into the negative impression of MPH on sexual parameters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chronic Use of Methylphenidate on Spermatogenesis and Sexual Hormones in Adult Male Rats

et al. 2020

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adolescence

Mitchell

Kollins

2013

Handbook of Adolescent Health Psychology

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Effect of methylphenidate on height in pediatric attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Duong,

Yang,

Yun

et al. 2023

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Methylphenidate (MPH), a rst-line treatment for attention-de cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) management, has been the focus of debate for decades regarding its effect on growth. The aim of this PRISMA meta-analysis was to determine the effect of MPH on height in children/adolescents with ADHD, along with factors predictive of this effect. Available full-text articles were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies of pediatric ADHD patients with height Z-score (HZS) data for monotherapy MPH-treated and non-treated groups. We estimated standardized mean differences (SMDs) of HZS or its changes from baseline (ΔHZS) between groups, then identi ed associated factors through subgroup analyses and meta-regression. For before-after treatment studies, the paired standard errors of ΔHZS were re-estimated to demonstrate in the forest plot. Risk of bias was analyzed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Among the 29 eligible studies, 26 before-after studies reported ΔHZS with self-control groups, whereas 11 compared ΔHZS or absolute HZS to other external (healthy/non-medicated) controls. A signi cant reduction was observed in the post-medicated group compared to the pre-medicated group, with high heterogeneity (SMD = -0.40; 95% con dence interval = [-0.54; -0.27]; I 2 = 91%). The study region, ADHD subtype, and stimulant-naïve status of patients at baseline may modify the effect on HZS. Because of the high clinical heterogeneity in observational studies, clinicians should consider the negative effect of MPH on height in ADHD patients by determining whether patients ful ll appropriate high-risk criteria. Further investigations are needed to identify the mechanism and the impact of reduction on the height reached in adulthood. Clinical Relevance And Implications Of The Meta-analysis1. There is a decrease in body height of children and adolescents with attention-de cit hyperactive disorder when using methylphenidate. Most evidences come from studies designed as observational, before-after treatment; the extent of this effect thus varies and depends on certain patient and study characteristics.2. Study region, ADHD subtypes, stimulant use history, and treatment dosage should be considered as minimum characteristics to be reported comprehensively in all studies measuring change of pediatric patients' height.3. Appropriate statistical methods should be applied to calculate exactly the outcomes in meta-analysis, especially for the before-after treatment design.

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Effect of Stimulants on Growth of ADHD Children: A Critical Review

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of Chronic Use of Methylphenidate on Spermatogenesis and Sexual Hormones in Adult Male Rats

Effects of Chronic Use of Methylphenidate on Spermatogenesis and Sexual Hormones in Adult Male Rats

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adolescence

Effect of methylphenidate on height in pediatric attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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