Effect of Steam Heating Alfalfa Hay on Utilization by Lactating Dairy Cows

Broderick, G.A.; Yang, Junxiang; Koegel, R. G.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77335-x

Cited by 48 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A previous study demonstrated lowering of CP degradability by wilting (Rooke et al, 1983;Polan et al, 1998). Broderick et al (1993) suggested that heat production during fermentation may bind some protein and reduce ruminal protein degradation. In the present study, the soluble CP fraction (42.6), degradation rate c (6.9% h -1 ), and effective protein degradability (EPD) (71.6%) were lowest for formic acid silage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of additives on quality, protein degradability, intestinal digestibility and feed intake of wilted grass silages

Nowak¹,

Potkański²,

Wylegała³

2004

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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First-cut wilted herbage (mainly Lolium perenne) was ensiled in barrels (120 l) either untreated (UT), treated with an inoculant, Pioneer 1188 (IN), or with a formic acid-based chemical additive, Foraform (FO). IN silage contained more fermentation products than FO, although applying the inoculant to wilted grass did not result in consistent changes in silage fermentation. Formic acid significantly decreased (P<0.05) the content of lactic and acetic acids and of ammonia-N, but increased the water soluble carbohydrates concentration as compared with UT and IN silages. Ruminal effective protein degradability was slightly but not significantly lower for FO silage (71.6%) than for UT (74.3%) and IN (74.0%) silages. Formic acid treatment significantly increased (P<0.05) intestinal digestibility of rumen-undegraded protein. Dry matter intake measured with sheep was not affected by treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of additives on quality, protein degradability, intestinal digestibility and feed intake of wilted grass silages

Nowak¹,

Potkański²,

Wylegała³

2004

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…Darbysh] hays that heated modestly during storage. Similarly, Broderick et al (1993) reported increased in vivo digestibility of NDF for steam-treated (100 to 110°C for 0.75 h) alfalfa-hay-based diets offered to lactating dairy cows compared with diets containing unheated hays. In each of these studies, interpretation is complicated somewhat by the conditions of ad-libitum voluntary intake that were established to meet experimental objectives.…”

Section: Regressions Of Changes In Concentrations Of Fiber Componentsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In addition, it is frequently assumed that the digestibility of forage fiber is reduced by spontaneous heating, but support for this premise based on in vivo or other assessments is limited. Several studies have reported relationships between in vivo NDF digestibility and heating that were mildly negative (McBeth et al, 2001), inconclusive (Turner et al, 2004), or even positive when steamtreated (100 to 110°C for 0.75 h) alfalfa-hay-based diets were offered to lactating dairy cows (Broderick et al, 1993). Using in situ procedures, rates of ruminal NDF disappearance (K d ) for heated bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (Pers.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of spontaneous heating on fiber composition, fiber digestibility, and in situ disappearance kinetics of neutral detergent fiber for alfalfa-orchardgrass hays

Coblentz

Hoffman

2009

Journal of Dairy Science

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"Effects of spontaneous heating on fiber composition, fiber digestibility, and in situ disappearance kinetics of neutral detergent fiber for alfalfa-orchardgrass hays" (2009 aBStraCt During 2006 and 2007, forages from 3 individual hay harvests were utilized to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on concentrations of fiber components, 48-h neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility (NDFD), and in situ disappearance kinetics of NDF for large-round bales of mixed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Over the 3 harvests, 96 large-round bales were made at preset bale diameters of 0.9, 1.2, or 1.5 m, and at moisture concentrations ranging from 9.3 to 46.6%. Internal bale temperatures were monitored daily during an outdoor storage period, reaching maxima (MAX) of 77.2°C and 1,997 heating degree days >30°C (HDD) for one specific combination of bale moisture, bale diameter, and harvest. Concentrations of all fiber components (NDF, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin) increased in response to spontaneous heating during storage. Changes in concentrations of NDF during storage (poststorage -prestorage; ΔNDF) were regressed on HDD using a nonlinear regression model (R 2 = 0.848) that became asymptotic after ΔNDF increased by 8.6 percentage units. Although the specific regression model varied, changes (poststorage -prestorage) in concentrations of acid detergent fiber, cellulose, and lignin also increased in nonlinear relationships with HDD that exhibited relatively high coefficients of determination (R 2 = 0.710 to 0.885). Fiber digestibility, as determined by NDFD, was largely unaffected by heating characteristics except within bales incurring the most extreme levels of HDD or MAX. In situ assessment of ruminal NDF disappearance kinetics indicated that disappearance rate (K d ) declined by about 40% within the range of heating incurred over these hay harvests. The change in K d during storage (ΔK d ) was related closely to both HDD and MAX by nonlinear models exhibiting high R 2 statistics (0.907 and 0.883, respectively). However, there was no regression relationship between changes (poststorage -prestorage) in effective ruminal disappearance of NDF and spontaneous heating, regardless of which heating measure was used as the independent variable. The close regression relationship between ΔK d and measures of spontaneous heating indicates clearly that ruminal NDF disappearance was altered negatively by some direct or indirect aspect of spontaneous heating. However, it was equally apparent that these effects were offset by an expanding pool of dry matter recovered as potentially degradable NDF.

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“…However, this increase was relatively small (6%) suggesting that MS was not heat damaged during ensiling. Levels of ADICP higher than 150 g kg -1 of CP have been proposed as evidence of significant heat damage to protein in forages (Janicki and Stallings 1987;Broderick et al 1993 ensiling times, ADICP concentration was higher (P < 0.05) for MS than KS (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Changes In Protein Fractions During Ensilingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chemical composition, ensiling characteristics and ruminal degradability of forage soybean cultivars

Mustafa¹,

García²,

Séguin³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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-Mainguy, O. 2007. Chemical composition and ensiling characteristics and ruminal degradability of forage soybean cultivars. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 87: 623-629. A study was conducted to determine the effects of forage soybean cultivar on chemical composition, ensiling characteristics, and ruminal degradability of silage. Two cultivars of forage soybean (Kodiak and Mammouth) were field-grown, harvested at the R6 stage, and ensiled in mini-silos (n = 3) for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 45 d. Two ruminally fistulated cows were used to determine in situ ruminal nutrient degradabilities of the 45-d silages. Both cultivars went through slow fermentation as indicated by a gradual decline in pH up to day 45 post-ensiling. Lactic acid concentration increased throughout ensiling and was higher for Mammouth than Kodiak except at day 45 post-ensiling. Analysis of the 45-d silages showed that Mammouth contained higher neutral detergent fiber (NDF, 490 vs. 444 g kg -1 ), acid detergent fiber (371 vs. 353 g kg -1 ) and acid detergent lignin (81 vs. 64 g kg -1 ) than Kodiak. However, crude protein (CP) concentration was higher for Kodiak than Mammouth. Mammouth silage had lower buffer soluble protein and higher neutral and acid detergent insoluble protein concentrations than Kodiak silage. Results of the in situ study indicated that Kodiak silage had greater ruminal dry matter (606 vs. 549 g kg -1 ), CP (828 vs. 752 g kg -1 ) and NDF (272 vs. 227 g kg -1 ) degradabilities than Mammouth. It was concluded that chemical composition and ruminal nutrient degradabilities of forage soybean silage were significantly influenced by cultivar. . On en conclut que le cultivar a une incidence significative sur la dégradation des éléments nutritifs du soja fourrager dans le rumen.

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Effect of Steam Heating Alfalfa Hay on Utilization by Lactating Dairy Cows

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

The effect of additives on quality, protein degradability, intestinal digestibility and feed intake of wilted grass silages

The effect of additives on quality, protein degradability, intestinal digestibility and feed intake of wilted grass silages

Effects of spontaneous heating on fiber composition, fiber digestibility, and in situ disappearance kinetics of neutral detergent fiber for alfalfa-orchardgrass hays

Chemical composition, ensiling characteristics and ruminal degradability of forage soybean cultivars

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