Effect of Static Disorder on Sensitivity of Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide Gyroscopes

Abstract

Coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) have shown theoretical promise as microoptical integrated gyroscopes with sensitivities exceeding comparably sized MEMS gyroscopes. Here, we analyze the effect of static disorder on the rotational sensitivity of a CROW gyroscope. Since CROWs consist of a onedimensional array of evanescently coupled ring-shaped microresonators, disorder includes random variations of the resonator optical path length and couplings between them resulting from manufacturing errors. We show that the rotational sensitivity of the CROW gyro is relatively stable with respect to variations in the interresonator coupling. By contrast, even modest fluctuations in the resonators' roundtrip optical path length result in substantially lower rotational sensitives. Finally, it is shown that while most random configurations of defects reduce the maximum sensitivity, there are particular configurations for which the rotation sensitivity is significantly higher than that of a CROW without disorder.

On-chip modulation for rotating sensing of gyroscope based on ring resonator coupled with Mach-Zehnder interferometer

“…According to 22 44 45 46 , the resolution (which is defined as the minimum detectable angular rate) is expressed if the resonator is circular:…”

Analysis of coupled resonator optical waveguide gyroscope based on periodically modulated coupling and circumferences

“…changes in the quality factor (or roundtrip loss) of resonators and fluctuations in the coupling coefficient between resonators. According to reference [19], the performance of gyro is relatively stable with respect to fluctuations in the coupling coefficient. So, we only discuss the influence of the variations of perimeter and quality factor.…”

“…We introduce the fluctuations into our model by randomly changing the quality factor of each single ring and the radius of them. The Gaussian probability distributions [19] have been used to model the random fluctuations. When we model the fluctuations of quality factor, the radiuses of the resonators are fixed, the mean value of the Gaussian probability distribution is chose to be = Q 10 mean 7 and the standard deviations δ Q are Q 0.1 mean , Q 0.2 mean and Q 0.3 mean , respectively.…”

“…Similarly, when we model the fluctuations of radiuses, the quality factor = Q 10 7 is a constant, the mean value is μ = R m 24.669 mean (The radius of the center resonator). And based on a typical tolerance of an electron beam lithography system [19], we chose the standard deviations δ R to be 2 nm, 4 nm and 6 nm.…”

Fiber Bragg grating ring resonators under rotation for angular velocity sensing

“…Another multipath resonant structure for gyroscope applications is based on a coupled spiral interferometer that is a spiral waveguide with coupling between adjacent arms [14], having a maximum sensitivity decreasing as the reciprocal of the waveguide loss coefficient. Finally the disorder effects affecting the performance of CROW gyroscopes and largely associated with the fabrication tolerances are discussed in [15,16]. Some potential applications have been identified for the 1D photonic crystal (i.e., Bragg grating) assisted ring resonator, called in this paper the Bragg grating ring resonator (BGRR), such as for add-drop filters and angular velocity sensors [17][18][19][20], but any specific study under rotation conditions has been not yet reported.…”