Effect of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Vertical Jump Performance in Collegiate Women Volleyball Players

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stretching on peak jump height during a series of vertical jumps, specifically focusing on a) static stretching (SS), b) dynamic stretching (DS) and c) no stretching (NS) performed immediately before a series of countermovement vertical jumps (CMJ). Twelve female collegiate volleyball players (mean +/- SD; age 19.5 +/- 1.1 yr; height 1.71 +/- 0.06 m; mass 71.3 +/- 8.54 kg) volunteered for this study. Data collection lasted a total of 3 weeks, and each subject performed all 3 stretching protocols, 1 session per week, with 1 week between sessions. The order of the stretching protocols was randomized for each subject. During each testing session, all subjects performed a 5-minute light jog as a warm-up, followed by 8 minutes of 1 of the stretching protocols. One minute after the completion of each protocol, 5 maximal CMJ were performed on a force platform, with each jump separated by 1 minute of passive recovery. Jump heights were calculated by integrating the vertical force trace. There were no significant differences between the SS, DS, and NS conditions for any of the jumps (p > 0.05). Despite the lack of significant effects for the group, there were notable individual responses to each of the warm-up conditions. Practitioners should be aware of the individual responses of their athletes to different types of warm-up protocols before athletic performance and the possible impact of prescribing or eliminating certain exercises.

Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review

“…Behm and Chaouachi (2011) reported a DS doseresponse effect in which greater overall peak force and power improvements were observed when >90 s (7.3% ± 5.3%) vs. <90 s (0.5% ± 2.3%) of DS was imposed immediately before testing. However, trivial ES or statistically nonsignificant performance changes were also elicited by both longer DS durations of 10 min (Needham et al 2009) and 15 min (Zourdos et al 2012) and by 180 repetitions , as well as by shorter durations, such as 45 s (Beedle et al 2008), 60 s (Samuel et al 2008), and 150 s (Amiri-Khorasani et al 2010), or 2 repetitions of 4 exercises (Dalrymple et al 2010). Hence, based on the variability among studies, it is difficult to demonstrate a dose-response relationship with DS.…”

“…Some studies do not report stretch intensity (Manoel et al 2008;Dalrymple et al 2010), but some report movement frequency (i.e., the number of dynamic movements per unit time) (Bacurau et al 2009;Fletcher 2010). Higher frequencies of DS and ballistic stretching (stretching using momentum in an attempt to exceed the normal ROM, which can include bouncing) may augment spindle reflex afferent excitation of the motor neurons and may theoretically affect subsequent performance (Matthews 1981).…”

“…Two studies reporting performance impairments required subjects to perform small ballistic bouncing or bobbing movements near the end ROM Bacurau et al 2009). Studies using "exaggerated movements", which may or may not reach the end of the active ROM, report both performance impairments (Costa et al 2014) and no significant effect (Dalrymple et al 2010). Thus, there is no identifiable trend as to the effects associated with DS through a full (maximal) or nearly full (submaximal) ROM.…”

Effects of Dynamic Stretch Training on Lower Extremity Power Performance of Young Sprinters

“…Previous work by Bazett-Jones et al 8) , found that a decrease in vertical jump performance was shown after six weeks of static stretching training, but the decrease was not statistically significant. Dalrymple et al 20) examined whether different stretching protocols impacted the height of vertical jump. They found no significant differences between the SS, DS, and NS conditions for the jumps and suggested that individual responses were capable of differentiating vertical performance.…”

Static stretching - functions and effects: Review

“…Ke stejnému závěru dospěli i Dalrymple et al (2010). Jiné výsledky prezentují ve svých studiích Taylor, Sheppard, Lee a Plummer (2009) a La Torre et al (2010), jejichž závěrem je konstatování negativního vlivu statického strečinku na úroveň explozivní síly, respektive na výkony ve vertikálním skoku.…”