Effect of Stable Fish Oil on Arterial Thrombogenesis, Platelet Aggregation, and Superoxide Dismutase Activity

Abstract

We examined the influence of dietary stable fish oil on aortic thrombosis, platelet aggregation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in a rat model. Twenty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats were fed regular chow supplemented with stable fish oil preparation (for 1 or 3 weeks), and 37 rats fed regular chow served as controls. The abdominal cavity was opened, and the abdominal aorta isolated. Whatman paper impregnated with 35% FeCl3 was wrapped around the surface of the aorta, and aortic flow was continuously recorded. In control rats, an occlusive platelet-fibrin-rich thrombus was formed in 21 +/- 3 min. Dietary fish oil in a time-dependent fashion delayed time to thrombus formation (24 +/- 2 min in rats fed fish oil for 1 week and 31 +/- 2 min in rats fed fish oil for 3 weeks), inhibited platelet aggregation (21 +/- 5% vs. 45 +/- 6%; p < 0.01) and increased SOD activity (p < 0.01). We conclude that dietary supplementation with stable fish oil delays formation of arterial thrombus, probably by reducing platelet aggregation and oxidative stress-associated arterial injury.

In vivo anti-atherogenic properties of cultured gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) polar lipid extracts in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits

“…These data suggest that PAF-inhibitors, present in GSBPL, may be bioavailable in rabbit blood where can exhibit anti-PAF activity. Our findings are in accordance with previous studies in rabbits and rats, in which only groups that had consumed atherogenic diet enriched with fish oil exhibited reduced platelet aggregation (Adan, Shibata, Sato, Ikeda, & Imaizumi, 1999;Chen et al, 2000;Lichtenstein & Chobanian, 1990).…”

Means of Delivering Recommended Levels of Long Chain n‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Diets

“…Dietary supplementation with fish oil high in long chain n‐3PUFA is accompanied by a reduction in fibrinogen content and down regulation of the expression of adhesion molecules such as VCAM‐I and ICAM‐I (Gans and others 1988; Collie‐Duguid and Wahle 1996; Hughes and others 1996; Vanschoonbeek and others 2004). Dietary long chain n‐3PUFA are incorporated into the platelet phospholipids and concomitantly reduce platelet aggregation (Skeaff and Holub 1988; Chen and others 2000). Recent studies have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with long chain n‐3PUFA improves vascular compliance and favorably modifies blood pressure (Cobiac and others 1992; Appel and others 1993; McVeigh and others 1994; Geleijnse and others 2002).…”

Activation of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) Improves Endothelial Function In Vivo

“…Epidemiological and clinical trials have shown that ω-3 fatty acids, in particular EPA, reduce cardiovascular deaths [1] and retard the progression of atherosclerosis in coronary patients [2]. The precise mechanism by which fish oils inhibit atherosclerosis is still unclear, but it may relate to the modulation of lipid metabolism [3], improvement of vascular endothelial function [4], enhancement of vascular reactivity and compliance [5], reduction of cytokine production [6], and inhibition of inflammatory processes [7].…”