“…That is to say that the crystal interplanar distance of the perovskite phase increased, while that of the tungsten bronze phase decreased as the addition of Mn increased. MnO 2 will be decomposed to Mn 2 O 3 and O 2 at 535 ℃ , and the Mn 2 O 3 will be stable until to 940 ℃ [6,7] . So, the Mn may be doped in BSTN composite ceramics in the form of Mn 3+ .…”