Effect of Spring Application of a Paper Mill Soil Conditioner on Corn Yield

Curnoe, W. E.; Irving, D.C.; Dow, Charles B.; Velema, G.; Unc, Adrian

doi:10.2134/agronj2005.0041

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Improved soil properties such as increased organic matter (Table 2) and its related effect on soil water availability, microbial activity and aggregation (Zibilske et al 2000;Gagnon et al 2001;Foley and Cooperband 2002;N'Dayegamiye 2006) may also be involved. Beneficial effects of several annual PB applications on corn yield have been reported (Curnoe et al 2006;N'Dayegamiye 2006). (Table 3).…”

Section: Crop Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a 5-yr study on corn production, Curnoe et al (2006) reported that the concentration of NO 3 -N in the first 15 cm of a sandy loam increased with time and with increased PB application rate up to 25 Mg dry ha…”

Section: Crop Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These residues are rich in organic matter and can provide substantial amounts of fertilizing nutrients, especially N and P, to crops (Cabral et al 1998;Camberato et al 2006). Beneficial effects of PB on crop yield and soil properties have already been reported with forage, corn, cabbage and potato (Simard et al 1998;Simard 2001;Gagnon and Ziadi 2004;Curnoe et al 2006;N'Dayegamiye 2006). However, few studies have been conducted on silage corn, despite the fact that this crop requires high N levels and may deplete soil C. Addition of PB can improve these soils, especially when applied for several years (Zibilske et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Environmental impact of repeated applications of combined paper mill biosolids in silage corn production

Gagnon¹,

Ziadi²,

Côté³

et al. 2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Paper mill biosolids (PB) may provide benefits for crop yields and soil nutrients. However, few data are available on metal accumulation and pathogenic populations resulting from applications in silage corn production. A study was initiated to determine the effect of annual spring application of combined PB during 3 consecutive years, with or without calcitic lime, on yield and on the environmental risk posed by N, P, heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Mo) and Escherichia coli to a silage corn cropped in a loamy sand in eastern Ontario, Canada. Treatments consisted of complete mineral NPK fertilization (PB0), 30 Mg wet weight ha-1 with supplemental N and K, and 60 and 120 Mg wet ha-1 supplemented with K, either with or without 2.5 Mg ha-1 calcitic lime. The PB at 30 Mg wet ha-1 with reduced mineral N and PB at 60 Mg wet ha-1 provided comparable yields to the mineral N fertilization in all years, whereas application of PB at 120 Mg wet ha-1 increased corn yield by 6.0 Mg ha-1 in the third year. After 3 yr, contents of soil NO3-N and the P saturation index (P/Al) were increased, indicating a possible risk of nitrate and P leaching. Lime increased soil pH by 0.8 unit, which in turn caused a large increase in the tissue Mo concentration and Mo uptake by silage corn. The PB, particularly at 120 Mg wet ha-1, produced significant accumulations of Cd and Zn in soil, plant tissue and uptake. The PB showed small counts of E. coli, and consequently very little contamination was observed in the soil and on the harvested crop. Based on these results, the PB used are a good source of nutrients that benefits silage corn yields and represent as well a low risk for human and animal health and for the environment when the application does not exceed 60 Mg wet ha-1 yr-1.Key words: Zea mays L., paper mill biosolids, lime, heavy metals, cadmium, molybdenum, Escherichia coli

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Section: Crop Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crop Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental impact of repeated applications of combined paper mill biosolids in silage corn production

Gagnon¹,

Ziadi²,

Côté³

et al. 2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…In Canada, research examining the effect of PB amendments on crop growth and yield has been conducted on winter cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) (Simard et al 1996;Simard 2001), barley (Hordeum vulgare L. Chapais) (Simard et al 1998), potato (Solanum tuberosum L. Hilite Russet) (Lalande et al 2003), and corn (N' Dayegamiye et al 2003;Curnoe et al 2006). Crop yield responses to PB applications have been variable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop performance on soils receiving annual papermill biosolid amendments with and without supplementary nitrogen

Price

Voroney²,

Chong³

2009

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Nitrogen availability is often a limiting factor for optimum crop growth on agricultural soils amended with papermill biosolids (PB). The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect on corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) production of adding supplementary nitrogen fertilizer to soils amended with increasing rates of PB. Papermill biosolids were applied annually on four agricultural soils in southern Ontario, Canada. Treatments included three rates of PB (50, 100, and 150 Mg ha-1), combined with four levels of nitrogen fertilizer [crop recommended [CR], [CR] + 0.5 kg N Mg-1 PB, [CR] + 1.0 kg N Mg-1 PB, and [CR] + 1.5 kg N Mg-1 PB]. In addition, non-amended plots were also established receiving either (a) zero PB and zero nitrogen fertilizer or (b) zero PB and [CR] nitrogen fertilizer only. All the plots received the same treatment combinations, i.e., PB × N, each year for the duration of the study. In corn, [CR] nitrogen fertilizer was insufficient to satisfy plant growth and PB decomposition requirements. Supplementary nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 1.0 kg N Mg-1 PB was generally required to maintain or increase corn grain production relative to the control plots receiving the [CR] nitrogen fertilizer only. Corn grain yield increases ranged from 1000 to 6000 kg ha-1 relative to the control at some of the research sites. The optimum rate of supplementary nitrogen fertilizer varied by soil texture (location) and year. In contrast, production of soybean did not require high supplementary nitrogen fertilizer, or in some cases any, in order to maintain or increase yields at most locations. Our study shows that nitrogen fertility management had a greater impact on yields in production systems planted to corn than soybeans while receiving annual PB amendments. No residual effects on corn yield or corn grain protein content were observed after PB amendments were stopped.Key words: Papermill biosolids, carbon:nitrogen ratio, corn, soybean, nitrogen fertilizer

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“…For instance, paper pulp and mushroom production is not seasonal, whilst olive processing is mostly carried out in the winter months. Regardless of this, by-products from these three industries have been successfully tested for their uses in crop production [22,[33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-refining of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne): evaluation of aqueous extracts for plant defence elicitor activity using French bean cell suspension cultures

Selby

Carmichael

Sharma

2016

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

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Background: There is growing interest in the bio-refining of foliage grasses to yield a range of industrial raw products. The aim of this research was to evaluate if aqueous extracts from grasses have the potential to act as crop biostimulants by assessing their defence elicitor activity.Results: Field-grown foliage (500 g fresh weight) from the Lolium perenne varieties Tyrella, Dromara, Abermagic, and Spelga were homogenised in water (2 l) and the run-off liquid filtered through Whatman No. 1 filter paper before freezing. Thawed filtrate was centrifuged at 21,000 rpm for 15 min, to give pellet and supernatant fractions, which were assayed separately for defence elicitor activity by adding them to cell suspension cultures of Phaseolus vulgaris in the early exponential phase of growth (7-10 days into a 14 days culture passage). Elicitor activity was evaluated 24 h after treatment by assessing the extent of necrosis (browning) in the P. vulgaris cells. Supernatant and pellet fractions of all four L. perenne varieties were found to have potent cell defence elicitor activity, although there were relatively small but significant differences between the varieties. In a second series of extractions, homogenisation of tissues in water was compared with screw-pressed juice using the varieties, Malone, Seagoe, and Copeland. Varietal differences in elicitor activity of these extracts were removed if they were first equalised for protein content prior to eliciting the bean cells, although the screw-pressed juice was marginally more active as an elicitor than the homogenised extract. Autoclaving the extracts in attempts to solubilise/release additional elicitor compounds neither increased nor decreased the elicitor activities of the supernatant or pellet fractions. Elicitor activity of the extract was partially reduced by treating with a cation exchange resin, almost entirely removed by adsorption onto activated carbon and completely abolished by ashing at 650 °C. Conclusion:The L. perenne defence elicitor(s) is therefore organic rather than inorganic, heat-stable, cationic at neutral pH, and readily soluble in water at room temperature.

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Effect of Spring Application of a Paper Mill Soil Conditioner on Corn Yield

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Environmental impact of repeated applications of combined paper mill biosolids in silage corn production

Environmental impact of repeated applications of combined paper mill biosolids in silage corn production

Crop performance on soils receiving annual papermill biosolid amendments with and without supplementary nitrogen

Bio-refining of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne): evaluation of aqueous extracts for plant defence elicitor activity using French bean cell suspension cultures

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