Effect of Spraying with Micro-Elements, Gibberellic Acid and Salicylic Acid on Some Yield Traits of Date Palm CV. Khastawi.

A study was conducted in the district of Rawa, located 224 km away from the city of Ramadi, on pomegranate trees of the Rawa seedless variety. The study investigated the effect of fruit packaging and calcium spraying on some chemical properties of the fruits of those trees. The study included two factors: the first factor involved using different types of bags to cover the fruits, including (untreated control, double-layered muslin clothes, white paper bags, and Saran). The second factor included calcium spraying at concentrations of 0, 1, and 2 g L-1. The results indicated that fruit covering treatments significantly influenced all studied chemical properties. Saran covering contributed to achieving the best results for the fruit peel content of elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc, iron, and manganese at (2.78%, 0.42%, 74.59 mg kg-1, 181.98 mg kg-1, and 47.85 mg kg-1) respectively. On the other hand, the treatment of covering with white paper bags showed a significant effect on the fruit peel content of potassium (1.60%). Regarding calcium spraying, the high concentration (2 grams per liter) achieved the best values for all traits (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, iron, and manganese), at (2.80%, 0.45%, 1.66%, 75.43 mg kg-1, 183.42 mg kg-1, and 47.31 mg kg-1) respectively. The interaction between the study factors reached a significant level in influencing all studied traits. The treatment combination (M3C2) excelled in achieving the best values for most of the studied traits.

Section: Manganese (Mg Kg -1 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Packaging Type and Calcium Spraying on Some Chemical Traits of Seedless Pomegranate Variety Rawa

Alani,

Al-Dulaimy

2024

“…Hormones also contribute to increasing the content of carbohydrates, proline, and organic acids. These substances are known to be osmotic regulators, as well as antioxidants for free radicals resulting from salt stress [76,77,78]. Hormones also work to overcome the harmful effects of salinity by activating the synthesis of chlorophyll and inhibiting the breakdown of photosynthetic pigments.…”

Section: Role Of Some Growth Regulators In Overcoming the Harmful Eff...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Salt Stress on Growth and Yield of Plants: A Review

Al-Janabia,

Al-Dulaimy,

Sekhi

et al. 2024

Soil salinity is a major abiotic stressor, severely restricting plant growth and yield. It negatively impacts every stage, from seed germination and seedling development to flowering and fruit formation, consequently lowering both quantity and quality of produce. The reasons for this may be due to the fact that salinity affects photosynthesis enzymes, chlorophyll, carotenoids, changes in water potential, leaf swelling pressure, and others. Accordingly, plants were classified into salt-sensitive (Glycophytes) and salt-tolerant (Haplophytes) this depends on its ability to grow in different salt concentrations. High concentrations of salinity in the soil contribute to reducing the osmotic stress of the soil solution and cause water stress for plants. It also causes toxicity as a result of increased concentrations of some elements, such as sodium, as it is not easily isolated within the vacuoles. Also, the reaction between salt and nutrients causes a nutritional imbalance. Adaptation to salt stress includes many processes, including an increase in ABA content, accumulation of solutes such as amino acids and sugars, protective proteins such as (PRD) disease-related proteins, increased antioxidants, and suppression of energy expenditure pathways. These solutes that accumulate under salt stress may be involved in removing ROS. Non-structural carbohydrates also accumulate, such as (sucrose, hexose, and sugar alcohols). These sugars act in a protective role as they contribute to maintaining the stability of the membrane. One of the important amino acids that increases during salt stress is proline, which plays the role of protecting the integrity of the membrane. Plasma and energy production.

“…In natural soil processes, nitrogen levels are augmented through microbiological activities, where nitrogen-fixing bacteria facilitate the oxidation of ammonium to nitrite, further transforming it into nitrate [10,11.12,13]. Sulfur is a vital element that, in conjunction with nitrogen, plays a crucial role in the synthesis of amino acids, proteins, amino nucleic acids, and nucleotides, essential components for various biological processes in plants [14,15,16]. The researcher [17] elucidated that the application of NPK fertilizer at varying concentrations (25,75, and 100 g per kg) to Ficus carica plants resulted in notable effects on various growth parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of NPK and Cytokinin on Growth Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Ficus Nitida Plants

Awad,

Ahmed

2024

The research was conducted in a greenhouse at the Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Ramadi City, to study the impact of NPK supplementation and CPPU cytokinin spraying on the vegetative and root growth characteristics of Ficus nitida L. The study encompassed two primary factors. The first factor comprises the NPK chemical fertilizer in four distinct concentrations: F0 (no addition), F1 (1g urea, 3g DAB, 2g potassium sulfate), F2 (2g urea, 6g DAB, 4g potassium sulfate), and F3 (3g urea, 9g DAB, 4g potassium sulfate). The second factor involves the cytokine CPPU at three concentrations: C0 (no addition), C1 (3 mg L-1), and C2 (6 mg/liter). The study was designed using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of three replications, with three pots allocated to each experimental unit. Each replicate consisted of 36 treatments, meaning the experiment contained 108 experimental units in all blocks. The results indicated a significant increase in the interaction coefficients between the study factors in plant height, leaf area, nitrogen percentage in the leaf, total chlorophyll content, root surface area, and root length.. Specifically, these parameters were measured at 21.333 cm, 30.837 cm2, 2.666%, 1.384 g, 55.223 cm2, and 13.947 cm, respectively.