Effect of Spray Droplet Density and Exposure Time on the Immobilization of Newly-hatched Oriental Fruit Moth Larvae1

Fisher, Richard W.; Menzies, D. R.

doi:10.1093/jee/69.4.438

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The WPS D3 has the highest droplet density (108 drops cm À2 ) and large stains with irregular shapes. These good results for WSP-area coverage have also reported by several authors using automatic imaging systems (Fox et al, 2003;Hoffmann & Hewitt, 2005;Holownicki, Doruchowski, Swicchowski, & Jacken, 2002;Marcal & Cunha, 2008;Panneton, 2002).…”

Section: Between-methods Comparison Of Area Coveragesupporting

confidence: 76%

“…1). Therefore, although the dark blue colour of the stains could still be differentiated from the background, their size became very sensitive to the background grey level set point (Fox et al, 2003;Panneton, 2002). In these situations, which are typical for coarse sprays, the contrast between the stained areas (blue) and the unstained area (yellowegreen) is not strong, thus large areas of the WSP background are assessed by the image systems as stained area.…”

Section: Between-methods Comparison Of Area Coveragementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correct adjustment of sprayers improves their accuracy and efficiency resulting in more targeted and uniform sprays which helps to prevent inadequate pest-control. Optimisation of spray application parameters has been the focus of many studies dating back more than 30 years (Fisher & Menzies, 1976;Matthews, 2000) and research in this area has been reviewed by several authors (Giles et al, 2008;Prokop & Veverka, 2003;Zhu, Salyani, & Fox, 2011). Most of these studies have focused on biological, economic and environmental regulation aspects of crop pest-control and they have consistently determined that an intricate relationship exists between spray coverage of the target, droplet size spectra and the efficacy of spraying applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advances in image processing technology have led to the development of different experimental or commercial software applications that produce indicators related to the spray quality based on the image processing of scanned WSP. Reviews of some of these programmes have been published, and their limiting factors investigated (Fox, Derksen, Cooper, Krause, & Ozkan, 2003;Franz, 1993 b i o s y s t e m s e n g i n e e r i n g 1 1 1 ( 2 0 1 2 ) 1 1 e2 3 Salyani & Fox, 1999, 1994Wolf, 2003). This literature has revealed that there are still difficulties for these software tools in situations of high spray coverage with overlapping stains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the ability of image processing software to analyse spray quality on water-sensitive papers used as artificial targets

Cunha

Carvalho

Marçal

2012

Biosystems Engineering

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The performance of several commercial and experimental software packages (Gotas, StainMaster, ImageTool, StainAnalysis, AgroScan, DropletScan and Spray_imageI and II) that produce indicators of crop spraying quality based on the image processing of watersensitive papers used as artificial targets were compared against known coverage, droplet size spectra and class size distribution verified through manual counting. A number of artificial targets used to test the software were obtained by controlled spray applications and given droplet density between 14 and 108 drops cm À2 and a wide range of droplet size spectra. The results showed that artificial targets coupled with an appropriate image system can be an accurate technique to compute spray parameters. The betweenmethods differences were 6.7% for droplet density, 11.5% for volume median diameter, <3% for coverage (%) and <3% coverage density. For the 16 droplet class size distribution tested the between-methods differences were all <15%. However, most of the image analysis systems were not effective in accurately measuring coverage density when coverage rate is greater than about 17%. The Spray_imageII software estimated the coverage density with a mean absolute error of 2% and the absolute error is below 10%, even with about 43% of coverage rate. This software, when compared to the other programmes tested, provided the best accuracy for coverage and droplet size spectrum as well as for droplet class size distribution.

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Section: Between-methods Comparison Of Area Coveragesupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Between-methods Comparison Of Area Coveragementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Assessing the ability of image processing software to analyse spray quality on water-sensitive papers used as artificial targets

Cunha

Carvalho

Marçal

2012

Biosystems Engineering

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“…Droplet deposit density is a primary factor that influencing the control efficacy of insecticides. High deposit densities of carbaryl were found to be more effective than low deposit densities in immobilizing oriental fruit moth larvae [ 10 ]. Similarly, Polles reported that high densities of small droplets showed higher control efficacy against tobacco budworm, H .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocidal radiuses of abamectin, thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor droplets controlling against wheat aphid (Sitobion avenae)

Cui¹,

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Spraying insecticide is a common practice in the control against pest insects. However, little attention has been paid to the biocidal radius of droplets. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the biocidal radiuses of abamectin, thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor droplets controlling against wheat aphid (Sitobion avenae). The mortality of S. avenae showed a droplet density dependent process that can be described by an exponential model. Calculated mortality limit (A2) varied with the concentration of insecticides. Although similar LD50 values were observed in abamectin (13.77 ng aphid−1) and sulfoxaflor (14.52 ng aphid−1) against S. avenae, sulfoxaflor had a larger biocidal radius (r50) than abamectin due to its translocation ability at the same concentration. And sulfoxaflor had a relatively larger biocidal radius than thiamethoxam (LD50 = 68.42 ng aphid−1) because it is more toxic to S. avenae. The ratio of r50/VMD was introduced to estimate the potential of droplets. Droplets generated by the air atomizing nozzle (VMD = 43 μm) had higher value of r50/VMD than the centrifugal atomizing nozzle (VMD = 153 μm). Our results indicated that the mortality limit can be reached at a concentration of an insecticide. The biocidal radius of a droplet is different from its actual size. The LD50 and translocation ability of insecticides contributed to their biocidal radius. Ratio of r50/VMD is an indicator of droplets’ insecticidal potential. Smaller droplets generated by the air atomizing nozzle have higher insecticidal potential.

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Biocidal radiuses of cycloxaprid, imidacloprid and lambda‐cyhalothrin droplets controlling against cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) using an unmanned aerial vehicle

Nahiyoon

Cui

Yang

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are a recently advanced aerial spraying technology. However, the median lethal number of droplets (LN50) and biocidal radiuses (r50) of insecticides droplets sprayed by UAVs are still unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the LN50 and r50 of cycloxaprid, imidacloprid and lambda‐cyhalothrin droplets associated with adjuvant controlling against Aphis gossypii.RESULTSA small UAV and Potter spray tower (PST) were used to generate different size of droplets (Dv0.5 = 185 ± 5 and 43 ± 2 μm). The mortality of A. gossypii showed a droplet density‐dependent process. At the concentration of 5 g L−1, the LN50 of lambda‐cyhalothrin, imidacloprid and cycloxaprid droplets sprayed by the UAV were only 49.2, 34.6 and 19.7 droplets cm−2, respectively, and the r50 were 0.57, 0.68 and 0.90 mm, respectively. The LN50 values were negatively correlated with insecticide concentrations, but the r50 values increased with the increasing concentrations. Although cycloxaprid is less toxic to A. gossypii than lambda‐cyhalothrin, cycloxaprid had a larger r50 than lambda‐cyhalothrin due to its translocation ability. Furthermore, cycloxaprid had a relatively larger r50 than imidacloprid because it is more toxic to A. gossypii. Moreover, adjuvant silwet DRS‐60 can significantly increase the r50 of droplets.CONCLUSIONOur results revealed that the r50 of a droplet was higher than its droplet size at tested concentrations. Smaller droplets generated by the PST had relatively higher insecticidal potential. The median lethal dose (LD50) and translocation ability of insecticides and spray adjuvant contributed to their r50. Therefore, ultra‐low‐volume spray with UAVs is feasible to control cotton aphids. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Effect of Spray Droplet Density and Exposure Time on the Immobilization of Newly-hatched Oriental Fruit Moth Larvae1

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Assessing the ability of image processing software to analyse spray quality on water-sensitive papers used as artificial targets

Assessing the ability of image processing software to analyse spray quality on water-sensitive papers used as artificial targets

Biocidal radiuses of abamectin, thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor droplets controlling against wheat aphid (Sitobion avenae)

Biocidal radiuses of cycloxaprid, imidacloprid and lambda‐cyhalothrin droplets controlling against cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) using an unmanned aerial vehicle

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