Effect of species, breed, and age on bacterial load in bovine and bubaline semen

Abstract

Aim:The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of species, breed and age on bacterial load in fresh and frozen semen of Cattle and Buffalo bull.Materials and Methods:Present study covered 56 cow and 10 buffalo bulls stationed at Central Semen Station Anjora, Durg (Chhattisgarh). Impact of breeds on bacterial load in semen was assessed using six breeds of cattle viz. Sahiwal, Gir, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar, Jersey and Holstein Friesian (HF) cross. Cow bulls were categorized into four different groups based on their age (<4 years, 4-5 years, 5-6 years and > 6 years) to study variation among age groups. Bacterial load was measured in fresh and frozen semen samples from these bulls using the standard plate count (SPC) method and count was expressed as colony forming unit (CFU) per ml of semen.Results:Higher bacterial load was reported in fresh (2.36 × 104 ± 1943 CFU/ml) and frozen (1.00 × 10 ± 90 CFU/ml) semen of cow bulls as compared to buffalo bulls (1.95 × 104 ± 2882 and 7.75 × 102 ± 160 CFU/ml in fresh and frozen semen, respectively). Jersey bull showed significantly higher bacterial count (p < 0.05) both in fresh (4.07 × 104 ± 13927 CFU/ml) and frozen (1.92 × 103 ± 178 CFU/ml) semen followed by HF cross, Sahiwal, Gir, Red Sindhi and Tharparkar bull. Bulls aged < 4 years and more than 6 years yielded increased bacterial load in their semen. Although a minor variation was reported between species and among age groups, no significant differences were measured.Conclusion:Bacterial load in semen did not differ significantly between species and age groups; however significant variation was reported among different breeds. Bulls of Jersey breed showed significantly higher bacterial load in semen as compared to the crossbred and indigenous bull.

Bacteriospermia and Sperm Quality of Cryopreserved Bull Semen Used in Artificial Insemination of Cows in South Wollo Zone, Ethiopia

“…In other species, Staphylococcus epidermidis in boar semen [43] and CoNS in human semen samples [45] were identified. e discrepancy found in the present study when compared to the above authors may be due to differences in sample size, bacteriological techniques [24], and age and breeds of animals [17].…”

“…On the contrary, a lower prevalence comparable to current results, 33.2% [44] and 35.3% [45], was reported in human semen samples. is difference in bacterial contamination of semen may be due to differences in species, age, breed, season [17,46], anatomy, physiology, and management [41]. It may also be ascribed to unsanitary conditions during semen collection, transportation, and processing or resistance to antibiotics used in semen extender [25].…”

“…Hence, quality of frozen-thawed semen is an important factor that predicts bull fertility and the sustainability of AI as well as investment of bulls with high genetic merits [7]. However, quality of semen can be altered, among others, by the process of cryopreservation [8][9][10][11][12][13], types of extender used [14], and bacterial contamination [15][16][17][18].…”

Microbial load of frozen thawed Sahiwal semen extended in egg yolk, soya lecithin and liposome based extender

“…Similarly Bousseau et al (1998) reported that two extenders containing animal products (Triladyl) and egg yolk plus milkbased extender (Laciphos) showed moderate (10 to 60 CFU/ ml) contamination with bacteria or mycoplasma while no contamination in Biociphos® lecithin containing diluents. In contrary to present findings, Sannat et al (2015) reported higher bacterial load in frozen semen of cattle and buffalo bulls in conventional egg yolk based extender as compared to present values of microbial load in conventional egg yolk based extender in HF cross (1.10×10 3 ), Sahiwal (9.61×10 2 ), Gir (1.09×10 3 ), Red Sindhi (6.56×10 2 ), Jersey (1.92×10 3 ) and Tharparkar (6.11×10 2 ) bull. In comparison to present findings higher values of bacterial load was reported by Wierzbowski et al (1984) in crossbred cattle bull (1.1×10 3 CFU/ml) and Patel et al (2011) in different crossbred CB-576 (1.26×10 3 CFU/ml), CB-581 (3.49×10 3 CFU/ml), CB-585B (5.9×10 3 CFU/ml), CB-594 (1.1×10 3 CFU/ml) and pure Holstein Friesian (HF-439) bull (5.38×10 3 CFU/ml).…”

Escherichia fergusonii identified in preputial swabs from healthy Aceh cattle by phylogenetic 16S rRNA analysis

“…Recently, bacterial organisms such as Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus intermedius have been detected in frozen bovine semen (Abro et al, 2016). Sannat et al (2015) described bacterial loads found in fresh and frozen semen from different breeds of cattle and buffalo. In Iranian bovine and buffalo semen, Dehkordi et al (2014) identified Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis, which are highly contagious zoonotic pathogens of humans and the leading pathogenic bacterial causes of abortion in ruminants.…”