Effect of soybean variety and processing on growth performance of young chicks and pigs1

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine whether soybeans without the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and lectins could be fed effectively to young chicks and pigs. Specifically, we compared the growth performance of chicks and pigs fed diets containing modified soybeans: Kunitz trypsin inhibitor-free (KF), lectin-free (LF), lectin and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor-free (LFKF), conventional soybeans (CSB), and commercially obtained, dehulled, solvent-extracted soybean meal (SBM). A 7-d chick experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of CSB, KF, LF, LFKF, and SBM. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design, with four replicates, five treatments, and six male chicks per pen (n = 120). The five treatments consisted of 23% CP dextrose-soybean-based diets containing KF, LF, LFKF, CSB, or SBM as the source of dietary protein. A 28-d pig experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of CSB, LF, LFKF, and SBM. Pens of four pigs were assigned randomly to a control, corn-SBM, or one of six corn-soybean diets containing raw or extruded soybean varieties as a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments in a randomized complete block design with five blocks per treatment (n = 140). Chicks fed diets containing any of the raw soybean varieties gained less weight (P < 0.05) than chicks fed SBM (22.81 g/d for SBM vs. 14.17 g/d for the raw soybeans combined). Among the raw soybean treatments, there was a greater effect on growth performance (P < 0.05) by removing both lectins and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (ADG of 16.56 g for LFKF) than by removing each antinutritional factor separately (ADG of 14.38 and 14.11 g for KF and LF, respectively). Pig growth performance was different (P < 0.001) for SBM (ADG of 409 g) and all the varieties when extruded (ADG of 450 g for CSB, 417 g for LF, and 408 g for LFKF) compared with the raw soybean treatments (ADG of 101 g for CSB, 165 g for LF, and 266 g for LFKF). Among the raw soybean treatments, growth performance improved (P = 0.003) as the antinutritional factor, lectin, was removed from the soybean and improved further (P = 0.045) when both lectins and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor were removed. The growth-inhibiting effect of feeding modified soybeans to young animals was more detrimental for pigs than for chicks in our experiments. Soybeans without the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and lectins cannot be fed successfully to young chicks and pigs without heating.

The effects of a dietary protease‐complex on performance, digestive and immune enzyme activity, and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei fed high plant protein diets

“…Plant proteins contain wide variety of compounds, some with anti-nutritional properties, severely limiting their inclusion in aquaculture feed (Chowdhury, Martie & Bureau 2015b). For example, high level of heat-stable anti-nutrients, such as antigenic proteins and lectin in soybeam meal (Thiessen, Campbell & Adelizi 2003;Palacios, Easter, Soltwedel, Parsons, Douglas, Hymowitz & Pettigrew 2004) and phytic acid, glucosinolates and erucic acid in rapeseed or Indian mustard meal or canola meal (Chowdhury et al 2015b). A major objective of the use of protease in animal feed is to improve utilization of the alternative dietary protein sources.…”

Digestibility of Energy and Crude Protein in Korean Rice Wine Residues Fed to Pigs

“…However, the IVID of DM in SBMW was slightly greater than the reported value (Navarro et al, 2018) while the IVID of CP and IVTTD of DM in SBMW were close to the reported values (Boisen and Fernández, 1995;Navarro et al, 2018). The nutrient concentrations in Soybean Meal (SBM) are often variable (Douglas et al, 2000) depending on the genotype (Palacios et al, 2004) and the growing environment (van Kempen et al, 2002). Heat processing may also affect the nutrient concentrations and bioavailability of nutrients in SBM (Goebel and Stein, 2011).…”

Identification of soybean Kunitz-free progenies in full-sib crossing

“…Vidljive posledice su zaostajanje u rastu i razvoju, što je izraženije kod mlađih organizama . Zrno soje bez KTI može da se koristi u ishrani odraslih nepreživara dok bi za ishranu mladih životinja trebalo da bude eliminisan i lektin (Palacios, 2004) . Da bi zrno soje moglo da se koristi u ishrani domaćih životinja i ljudi, tripsin inhibitori se inaktiviraju najčešće procesima koji uključuju termičku obradu, zahtevaju veliki utrošak energije a dolazi i do denaturacije i pogoršanja svarljivosti korisnih proteina (Aviles-Gaxiola et al ., 2018) .…”