Effect of some safety Natural and Bio Fertilizers on the growth and production of calendula plant

Abstract

Recently, the usage of eco-friendly fertilizers instead of the agrochemicals has gained great attention worldwide. In this study, the effects of phosphorus and potassium ore (0, 25, 50 and 100% of the recommended dose) were evaluated individually or in combination with phosphorin as biofertilizer to enhance the growth and flowering of Calendula officinalis. The results indicated that the treatment of P25% + K50% + phosphorin or P25%+ k100%+ phosphorin achieved the highest significant (P≤ 0.05) increases in plant height and the number of brunches and flowers compared to the control. Meanwhile, the flower diameter was not affected by different treatments. A similar trend was observed in both plant and flowers' fresh and dry weights. Chlorophyll was also significantly improved by the treatment of P25% + K50% + phosphorin or p25%+ K25%+ phosphorin in both seasons respectively. The biochemical attributes of the leaves and the produced flowers confirmed that total carbohydrates, carotenoids, N, P and K were positively responded to the eco-friendly fertilizers compared to the conventional fertilizers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of natural and biofertilizers instead of mineral fertilizers. These procedures can be recommended due to its safe and ecofriendly influences on humans and environment.