Effect of solar ultraviolet radiation (280–400 nm) on the eggs and larvae of Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>)

Browman, Howard I.; Rodriguez, C.; St-Pierre, Jean-François

doi:10.1139/f99-039

Cited by 34 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although studies have shown that the UV-A portion of the spectrum can cause oxidative damage in animal cells (McMillan et al, 2008), studies on marine animals have provided mixed results, with some studies demonstrating negative effects (Adams and Schick, 1996; Karentz et al, 2004) whereas others showed little effect at all (Béland et al, 1999;Kouwenberg et al, 1999). In the present study no significant effects due to exposure to UV-A radiation were observed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Sea ice protects the embryos of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri from oxidative damage due to naturally enhanced levels of UV-B radiation

Lister

Lamare

Burritt

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY The ‘ozone hole’ has caused an increase in ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B, 280–320 nm) penetrating Antarctic coastal marine ecosystems, however the direct effect of this enhanced UV-B on pelagic organisms remains unclear. Oxidative stress, the in vivo production of reactive oxygen species to levels high enough to overcome anti-oxidant defences, is a key outcome of exposure to solar radiation, yet to date few studies have examined this physiological response in Antarctic marine species in situ or in direct relation to the ozone hole. To assess the biological effects of UV-B, in situ experiments were conducted at Cape Armitage in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica (77.06°S, 164.42°E) on the common Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri Meissner (Echinoidea) over two consecutive 4-day periods in the spring of 2008 (26–30 October and 1–5 November). The presence of the ozone hole, and a corresponding increase in UV-B exposure, resulted in unequivocal increases in oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, and developmental abnormality in embryos of S. neumayeri growing in open waters. Results also indicate that embryos have only a limited capacity to increase the activities of protective antioxidant enzymes, but not to levels sufficient to prevent severe oxidative damage from occurring. Importantly, results show that the effect of the ozone hole is largely mitigated by sea ice coverage. The present findings suggest that the coincidence of reduced stratospheric ozone and a reduction in sea ice coverage may produce a situation in which significant damage to Antarctic marine ecosystems may occur.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Sea ice protects the embryos of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri from oxidative damage due to naturally enhanced levels of UV-B radiation

Lister

Lamare

Burritt

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, our results only partially match those of other studies conducted under natural light with the embryos and larvae of other fishes (Charron et al 2000;Häkkinen et al 2001;, showing the specificity of the response to UVR. Béland et al (1999), for example, used an experimental design similar to ours to evaluate the impact of natural UVR on cod embryos, but they did not observe any negative effect of UV-A on survival. In our experiment, while larval survival varied clearly with both light quality and quantity, photodamage seems to vary with light quality only.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of UVR irradiance and spectral composition on yellow perch (Perca flavescens) larvae survival

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to determine experimentally the effects of the quality (UV-A/UV-B ratio) and quantity (irradiance) of natural ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the survival of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) larvae and on the oxidative stress in their cytoplasm, estimated by the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD). We also estimated the potential accumulation of photodamage in DNA by using UV dosimeters. Freshly-hatched yellow perch and UV dosimeters were incubated in controlled conditions under a factorial combination of selective and non-selective filters offering different levels of UVR protection and exposed to natural solar light. Larval survival was inversely related to the UVR intensity gradient, and responded similarly to the presence of both UV-A and UV-B or UV-A only. In contrast, the responses of SOD activity and UV dosimeter were stronger in the presence of both UV-A and UV-B than UV-A only, leading to a partial mismatch with the results on survival. Our results, obtained under natural solar light, suggest that incident UV-A radiation, despite its lower energy per unit photon than UV-B, could be a serious threat for yellow perch larvae. They also show that UV dosimeters and SOD activity predict only some components of UVR risk for yellow perch larvae. The partial mismatch between UV dosimeters results and larval survival cautions against the use of UV dosimeters alone as a proxy for UVR risk in the field.

show abstract

“…senile can thus be regarded as a potential animal indicator organism for UV in the marine environment, as various species of macroalgae -Delessaria sanguinea (Dring et al 1996); Porphyra umbilicalis and Palmaria palmata (Cordi et al 1999) -have been shown to be. That such indicators should be available for estimating damage and other effects exerted by UV on marine habitats is evident from many studies on the ways UV-B affects marine organisms (Beland et al 1999;Kouwenberg et al 1999aKouwenberg et al , 1999bMostajir et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of long-term ultraviolet radiation: the white form of Metridium senile (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) as a potential biological indicator for ultraviolet

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genetically identical individuals of the white form of Metridium senile were kept in the laboratory for 40 months, during almost 2 years of which they were irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) radiation simulating the shape of the solar UV spectrum. The living and experimental conditions were largely matched to the conditions in the sea anemones' natural habitat on the North Sea coast. Controls were shielded from direct radiation or irradiated with only the visible range of the spectrum; for the UV tests, the UV component corresponded either to the conditions in the natural habitat or to twice or 4 times this dose. All experiments were preceded by a severalmonth settling-in period, and UV irradiation was always begun at a low intensity. Under these conditions UV was not lethal but produced many parameter changes, of which only those that were irreversible for the entire duration of the experiment, from September 1992 to August 1994, are described here. The body mass fell significantly in all three UV-radiation modes. All irradiated animals positioned themselves so as to be less exposed to the radiation, and all changed colour from white to brown. These responses are discussed with reference to the potential of M. senile as an indicator or monitor for UV in the northern European coastal region. Field analyses are currently being conducted to demonstrate the extent to which the present results apply to field conditions.

show abstract

Effect of solar ultraviolet radiation (280–400 nm) on the eggs and larvae of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Sea ice protects the embryos of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri from oxidative damage due to naturally enhanced levels of UV-B radiation

Sea ice protects the embryos of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri from oxidative damage due to naturally enhanced levels of UV-B radiation

The effects of UVR irradiance and spectral composition on yellow perch (Perca flavescens) larvae survival

Effects of long-term ultraviolet radiation: the white form of Metridium senile (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) as a potential biological indicator for ultraviolet

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About