Effect of Soil Washing on Petroleum-Hydrocarbon Distribution on Sand Surfaces

Abstract

A soil washing study was performed to evaluate the treatability of New River sand contaminated in the laboratory with a petroleum distillate. Unaltered and base-extracted sands were mixed with petroleum hydrocarbons, equilibrated, and washed with water or a surfactant at two different pH values (7 and 12). The surfactant had no significant effect on contaminant removal efficiencies at neutral pH. Treatment efficiencies of baseextracted sand particles were 10 to 13% higher than for the unaltered sands. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with elemental X-ray microprobe was used to determine the distribution of iron and carbon on the New River sand surface. Qualitative interpretations of the SEM/X-ray photomicrographs disclosed that iron oxides were associated with organic carbon on the sand surfaces, with sulfur believed to be a constituent of the petroleum contamination. Low petroleum removal efficiencies for New River sand observed in previous studies were believed to be influenced by the high iron oxide content of the sand and the affinity of these metal oxides to bind natural and petroleum-derived organic carbon. ABSTRACT

Surfactants treatment of crude oil contaminated soils

“…In [11], sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) among other commercial surfactants was evaluated for treating petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil through soil washing. The work reported in [22][23][24][25] used surfactants to treat single and double component hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. In addition, [26] carried out studies and gave an experimental design and technical description of a soil-washing site.…”

Degradation of sodium dodecyl sulphate in water using solar driven Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes

“…With the growing interest of surfactants' application in environmental remediation, several authors [9][10][11] have studied the removal of single and double components of petroleum hydrocarbons through soil washing using aqueous surfactants solutions and conclude that this approach is a promising remediation technique [12,13]. Many papers related with surfactant enhanced soil washing deals with aspects such as the selection of ideal surfactant and doses, soil washing mechanisms and modelling of the process [14,15], the use of different driving forces for surfactant enhanced soil washing (i.e.…”

A influência das características dos solos na remediação de locais contaminados através de processos oxidativos avançados com persulfato e reagente de Fenton.

“…Este tem cerca de duas vezes o teor de argila e quase três vezes o teor de matéria orgânica que o solo 9. A argila tem o papel de ampliar o fenômeno de sorção, o que retarda a oxidação (Ou et al 1996, Rhue et al 1998, Benke et al 1999, Kaiser & Zech 1999, Shen 1999, Bhandari et al 2000, Balke et al 2002, Sallun 2004 (Walling & Goosen 1973, Sun & Pignatello 1995, Goldenstein et al 1993, Watts et al 2000, Kang & Hua 2005, havendo controvérsia na literatura sobre qual espécie de ferro seria mais eficiente.…”