Effect of soil’s porosity and moisture content on radon and thoron exhalation rates

Intake dose rate due to various granite samples of Bangalore city, India

“…The results given for construction materials [20,25,32] are in good accord with the values reported in the present investigations. For the same environment, mean values of Rn and Tn were reported as 24.1 ± 8.3 and 24.5 ± 10.8 Bq m -3 respectively [26] and the annual mean value of the gamma absorbed dose rate was 175.8 nGy y -1 and the activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in rocks as 32.2 to 163.6, 128.3 to 548.6 and 757.4 to 1,418.4 Bq kg -1 , respectively, with corresponding arithmetic mean values of 93.2, 306.2 and 1,074.4 Bq kg -1 [5].…”

Radon and thoron exhalation rate in the soil of Western Haryana, India

“…Thoron's impact on actual radiation dose is smaller; therefore, most studies have neglected its estimations. Experiments in several countries have revealed that thoron and its daughter 212 Pb, which has a half-life of 10.6 hours, may not aggregate to deadly amounts in the air (Guo and Cheng, 2005;Ramola, 2016).…”

Outdoor Radon Dose Rate in Canada’s Arctic amid Climate Change

“…Gaseous radon and thoron ( 220 Rn from thorium decay series) in soil exhibit similar exhalation responses to environmental factors. , For instance, soil temperature positively affects their exhalation rates. ,− Additionally, their exhalation rates increase with rising soil water content up to a certain level, beyond which they gradually decrease with further increases in soil moisture. − Therefore, aerosol data of thoron’s progeny 212 Pb can be used to infer radon gas concentration variations in soil/atmosphere. Moreover, studies have shown that soil water content is the primary factor affecting their concentrations. , So the 212 Pb data also reflect changes in SAWC conditions within the topsoil layer of a few centimeters, where thoron primarily originates.…”