Effect of soil amendment with Chenopodium album dry biomass and two Trichoderma species on growth of chickpea var. Noor 2009 in Sclerotium rolfsii contaminated soil

Abstract

Sclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne plant pathogen that causes root diseases in hundreds of plant species. It also causes collar rot disease in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The present pot study was carried out to investigate the effect of soil amendment with dry biomass of a weed Chenopodium album L. and two antagonistic fungi, namely Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride, on growth and yield of chickpea variety Noor 2009 in soil infected with S. rolfsii. The pathogen-contaminated soil was amended either with 1, 2, or 3% C. album dry biomass, T. harzianum, and T. viride alone, or combinations of either of the two Trichoderma species and plant dry biomass. The lowest shoot and root dry biomass and grain yield of chickpea were recorded in S. rolfsii inoculation alone without any soil amendment (positive control). Plant growth and yield were significantly and gradually increased over positive control with an increase in C. album dry biomass application in the soil. Likewise, soil application of either of the two Trichoderma species significantly enhanced plant growth and yield over positive control under biotic stress of S. rolfsii. Combined application of either T. harzianum or T. viride with 3% dry biomass of C. album also proved highly effective in alleviating biotic stress of S. rolfsii on growth and yield of chickpea.

Screening, Isolation and Characterization of Heat Stress Tolerant Trichoderma Isolates: Sustainable Alternative to Climate Change

“…Although S. rolfsii inoculation resulted in intense wilting and finally resulted in reduced growth of control plants, plants treated with T. harzianum BHU P4 remained tolerant and modified root morphology of okra plants along with plant height, number and size of leaves, plant biomass and chlorophyll content. Other studies also confirmed the induction in plant growth, biomass and chlorophyll content during the presence of Trichoderma isolates which suggest their effect on phytohormone pathways (Mei et al, 2019;Mendes et al, 2020;Ali et al, 2020).Phenol content in host plants is studied to gain the insight of defense mechanism and integrity of cell structure during their exposure to biotic stress which was found related (Ray et al, 2016;Shen et al, 2019). In the current study, T. harzianum BHU P4 systematically stimulated the defense mechanisms of okra plant during plant-pathogen interaction.…”

Production of Antifungal Gelatinase by Enterococcus durans S2C and Its Potential Role in the Biological Control

“…The desire, which has seen substantial growth in the past decades, prompted a search for microbial products to control plant maladies. Use of biocontrol to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms has long been considered a potential alternative to chemical fungicides (Carmona-Hernandez et al 2019;Ali et al 2020;Sharf et al 2021).…”

Characterization and Inhibitory Effects of an Antifungal Protein from the Bacillus cereus Strain YN917

“…In order to maintain the common goal of sustainable agriculture development, the production and utilization of bio-fungicides to control rice blast have seen a rapid growth in recent years. A variety of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, oomycetes and their related metabolites can be developed as biological control agents to replace chemical fungicides (Al-Reza et al 2010;Hammami et al 2011;Ali et al 2020;Shoaib et al 2020;Sharf et al 2021). At present, many bio-control microorganisms exist, such as Bacillus spp., Pseudomonadaceae spp., Agrobacterium radiobact, Actinomycesbovis spp., Coniothyrium, Micromonospora spp., Achromobacter spp., Serratia marcescens, Bipolaris spp.…”