Effect of Smoking on the Serum Concentration of Erythropoietin and Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor.

Abstract

Smokingis the most commoncause of secondary polycythemia and mayinduce leukocytosis.We studied the relationship between hematopoietic growth factors and erythrocytosis and leukocytosis. Two sets of healthy male volunteers, consisting of 177 and 202 (age: 19-59 years) were each divided into four groups according to whether or not they smokedat least one package daily and their leukocyte count. Serum erythropoietin (Epo) concentration and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) concentration were measured in the 177 and 202 volunteers, respectively. The meanserum Epoconcentration was lower in smokers than in nonsmokers(p=0.01 in the subjects without leukocytosis and p=0.107 in those with leukocytosis, respectively). After 3 smokers stopped smoking, the Epo concentration increased 2 weeks later, and remained constant for 20 weeks. Smokers tended to have a higher meanserum G-CSFconcentration than nonsmokers in the subjects without leukocytosis. Neither Epo nor G-CSFis the main etiology of smokers' polycythemia, and Epo production may be down-regulated by an elevated red-cell volume. (Internal Medicine 36: 680-684, 1997)

Acute short-term hyperoxia followed by mild hypoxia does not increase EPO production: resolving the “normobaric oxygen paradox”

“…All subjects were local residents (altitude = 300 m above sea level) and were not exposed to altitudes above 2,000 meters within 5 weeks preceding the experiment. Exclusion criteria were as follows: a history of anemia or bone marrow dysfunctions (Westenbrink et al 2010), renal disease (Patel and Singh 2010), and habitual or occasional smoking (Tanabe et al 1997). Subjects were given a detailed verbal presentation of the protocol and signed their informed consent to participate in the study.…”

Evaluation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alphaand Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Serum Levels in Lead-Exposed Smoker Workers

“…Chronic cigarette smoking is associated with functional depression (20) and an increased blood count (21) of neutrophils. Tobacco smoking also causes an increased production of TNF-a (22) and high serum G-CSF levels (23).…”

Associations between TGF-b1 G/A and TNF-a 308 G/A gene polymorphisms with airway resistance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…Yine sigara içen olgularda da karbonmonoksite bağlı eritropoetin artışına ikincil polisitemi geliştiği bilinmektedir (17)(18)(19)(20). Çalış-mamızın sonuçlarına baktığımızda KOAH'lı ve sigara içen sağlıklı olgularda polisitemili olgu olmadığı görül-dü.…”