Effect of smoking on MUC1 expression in oral epithelial dysplasia, oral cancer, and irradiated oral epithelium

Kashyap, Bina; Mikkonen, Jarno E.; Bhardwaj, Tulika; Dekker, Hannah; Schulten, E.A.J.M.; Bloemen, Elisabeth; Kullaa, Arja

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105525

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…A variable incidence pattern has been documented in different nations worldwide. The incidence of OSCC is more pronounced in the South Asian regions, due to exposure to carcinogenic chemicals in tobacco, gutka, pan, etc., More than 0.3 million new cases have been reported to be diagnosed with OSCC in Asia around 2017, and these numbers are expected to increase in the future [ 2 ]. Despite improving the therapeutic modalities and exploring new drugs for therapy, the survival of patients remains poor [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Association of Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Gene Polymorphism (rs4986790) With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): A Pilot Case-Control Study

Gautam,

Pandi,

Girija

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly prevalent and most common form of oral malignancy in the Indian population. Toll-like receptors belong to an important family of receptors that are involved in the process of pathogen recognition and mounting immune response. The expression of this receptor is dysregulated on the tumor cells as reported across several cancer types. The genetic variants in this gene could have a profound impact on the expression of the Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4) gene. Objective This study aimed to understand the association of TLR4 gene polymorphism (rs4986790) with OSCC. The objective of this study was to compare the allele and genotype frequencies between the two groups, viz., OSCC and normal healthy subjects, recruited in the study. Materials and methods The blood samples were collected from normal healthy subjects (N = 25) and OSCC patients (N = 25). Genomic DNA was isolated from all samples, and genotyping was performed for the TLR4 gene polymorphism (rs4986790) employing the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach. The frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles across the study groups was determined by the Chi-square test. Results The allele frequency for TLR4 gene polymorphism (rs4986790) in the case group was found to be 60% (A allele) and 40% (G allele), respectively. The study population in both groups were found to agree with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The genotype frequency did not differ significantly among the two study groups which was evident from the p-value = 0.8285. Conclusion The present study did not report any significant association of the TLR4 polymorphic marker rs4986790 with OSCC. Further investigations into the association of other polymorphic markers in the TLR4 gene, among the larger population of OSCC patients, could provide evidence of their association with OSCC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Association of Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Gene Polymorphism (rs4986790) With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): A Pilot Case-Control Study

Gautam,

Pandi,

Girija

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…The oral mucosa is the tissue with which tobacco products and cigarette smoke first come into contact [ 15 ]. Cd in tobacco can also accumulate in the oral mucosa through epithelial permeability because of this contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of tobacco use on cadmium accumulation in the oral keratinized mucosa

Satir,

Kaya,

Ozsoy

2024

BMC Oral Health

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Background This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effect of tobacco use on the accumulation of cadmium (Cd), a carcinogenic element, in the oral keratinized mucosa (OKM). Methods OKM samples were obtained by standard punch biopsy from nonsmokers (n = 19) and smokers (n = 21). Cd analysis was performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The calibration curve R2 values for three wavelengths (214,439, 226,502, and 228,802 nm) were at the level of 0.9999. The frequency of consumption of foods that are Cd sources, such as seafood, rice, and vegetables, was assessed in all patients. The age, sex, and nutritional habits of all patients and the frequency of tobacco consumption by smokers were recorded. The independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman correlation test were used for the statistical analyses, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Although the Cd levels in nonsmokers were higher than those in smokers, no statistically significant difference was found (p > 0.05). In smokers, a positive correlation was found between age and Cd level (r = 0.574, p = 0.006). No significant relationship was found between the groups in terms of nutrition or between the frequency of tobacco consumption and Cd accumulation. Conclusion The OKM may not have the characteristic cumulative accumulation in terms of toxic elements. Changes in the turnover rate, keratinization, and apoptotic mechanisms in the OKM with the thermal/chemical effects of tobacco may be responsible for the difference in Cd accumulation. Trial registration number TCTR20230206001/06 Feb 2023 (TCTR: Thai Clinical Trials Registry).

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