Effect of smoking on human natural killer cell activity

Phillips, Barbara; Marshall, M. Ernest; Brown, Stephen; Thompson, John S.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19851215)56:12<2789::aid-cncr2820561213>3.0.co;2-2

Cited by 100 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Animal experiments have shown that lower NK cell activity is associated with higher cancer incidence, while studies on NK cell activity on humans have found significantly lower NK activity among smokers compared to non-smokers (Ferson et al 1979;Ginns et al 1985;Phillips et al 1985;Talmadge et al 1980). Another study found that smoking decreased both the quantity and function of NK cells, and the quantity and function remained impaired after smoking cessation, while other white blood cell functions returned to normal (Tollerud et al 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer occurs earlier in those exposed to tobacco smoke: implications for screening

Peppone

Mahoney

Cummings

et al. 2008

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer occurs earlier in those exposed to tobacco smoke: implications for screening

Peppone

Mahoney

Cummings

et al. 2008

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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“…Data concerning immediate skin reactivity to common allergens [7,8] as well as specific antibody responses to inhaled antigens [9] and vaccinations [10], indicate depressed immune responses in smokers. There are several reports of decreased activity of natural killer (NK-) cells, both from peripheral blood [11,12] and the lung [13]. Results from functional studies of circulating T-lymphocytes are conflicting, with reports of increased [14], unchanged [15] and decreased [16,17] responses to mitogenic stimulation in vitro.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological findings in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in chronic bronchitis patients with recurrent infectious exacerbations

Qvarfordt

Riise²,

Larsson³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

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Tobacco smoking induces profound immunological and inflammatory changes, both in the airways and systemically. Smoking impairs host defences and increases susceptibility to infection [1,2].The literature on the effects of smoking on the immune system is extensive and has been reviewed by several authors [2][3][4]. Evidence of a considerable influence on both humoral and cell-mediated immunity has been presented. Decreased serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, mainly IgG, have been reported in smokers [5,6]. Data concerning immediate skin reactivity to common allergens [7,8] as well as specific antibody responses to inhaled antigens [9] and vaccinations [10], indicate depressed immune responses in smokers. There are several reports of decreased activity of natural killer (NK-) cells, both from peripheral blood [11,12] and the lung [13]. Results from functional studies of circulating T-lymphocytes are conflicting, with reports of increased [14], unchanged [15] and decreased [16,17] responses to mitogenic stimulation in vitro. Alterations in immunoregulatory T-lymphocyte subsets with a decreased fraction of helper/inducer and an increased fraction of cytotoxic/suppressor cells have been reported, both locally in the lung [18], and in the peripheral circulation [19,20].Bronchial infections are common in smokers [2], but why only some smokers develop problems with repeated bronchial infections is largely unknown. Hypothetically, smokers prone to bronchial infections might differ immunologically from smokers without this disposition. To our knowledge, there are no studies addressing this issue in which smoking habits of study and control groups have been taken fully into account.Since the disposition for bronchial infections in smokers seems to be related to the presence of chronic bronchitis (CB) [21], a state of chronic mucus hypersecretion [22], and appear in the form of recurrent infectious exacerbations, patients with CB prone to infectious exacerbations were chosen for the study group. We decided to analyse most of the immunological parameters known or thought A significantly (p<0.05) lower level of IgG 3 was found in the CB group, and a significantly (p<0.01) higher proliferative response of PBMCs was found in the CB group after stimulation with diphtheria toxoid. Detectable levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ, but not of IL-2, IL-4 or transforming growth factor-β2, were found in supernatants from cultured cells in both study groups. Stimulated TNF-α production was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the CB group. NK-cell activity did not differ significantly between the study groups. There were no major differences between the groups in lymphocyte subpopulations in blood or BAL.In conclusion, no major alterations in the analysed indices of cell-mediated and humoral immunity were found in patients with chronic bronchitis prone to recurrent infectious exacerbations when compared with asymptomatic smoking controls. Eur Respir J 1998; 11: 46-54.

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“…Silverman et al 3) found the lymphocyte reactivity to PHA to be significantly higher in smokers under 40 years of age. In contrast to the diversity of lymphocyte reactivity in smokers, natural killer cell activity has been reported to be consistently depressed5, 10,11,16). A follow-up study in normal subjects following the cessation of smoking indicated that the increased count of lymphocytes and depressed natural killer cell activity were reversed9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphocyte reactivity in chronic cigarette smokers.

Aizawa

Takata

Hashimoto

et al. 1987

Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi (Japanese Journal of Hygiene)

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Effect of smoking on human natural killer cell activity

Cited by 100 publications

References 13 publications

Colorectal cancer occurs earlier in those exposed to tobacco smoke: implications for screening

Colorectal cancer occurs earlier in those exposed to tobacco smoke: implications for screening

Immunological findings in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in chronic bronchitis patients with recurrent infectious exacerbations

Lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphocyte reactivity in chronic cigarette smokers.

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