Effect of Slovenian climatic conditions on the development and survival of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne ethiopica

Strajnar, Polona; Širca, Saša; Knapič, M.; Urek, Gregor

doi:10.1007/s10658-010-9694-x

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Since the first studies on the linear relationship between thermal time and the rate of nematode development which analysed the effects of the temperature on the life cycle of an unknown Meloidogyne species (Tyler, 1933), extensive research has shown that rates of RKN embryonic and postembryonic development and life cycle are strongly influenced by temperature and vary with the species of Meloidogyne. The linear relationship between temperature and the rate of development allows an estimation of the lower threshold temperature value and the thermal environment to which these nematodes are adapted and also the thermal constant that shows relative rate of development (Lahtinen et al, 1988;Madulu & Trudgill, 1994;Zhang & Schmitt, 1995;Ploeg & Maris, 1999;Yeon et al, 2003;Charchar & Santo, 2009;Strajnar et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal requirements for the embryonic development and life cycle of Meloidogyne hispanica

2012

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The life cycle of a Portuguese Meloidogyne hispanica isolate on susceptible cv. Easypeel and resistant (Mi-1.2 gene) cv. Rossol tomato plants was studied in growth chambers at constant temperatures (10-35°C). The development within the egg and hatching were compared to those of a Portuguese M. arenaria isolate. The base temperature was 10AE11 and 8AE31°C with 179AE5 and 235AE3 thermal units for M. hispanica and M. arenaria, respectively, suggesting better potential adaptation to low temperatures by M. arenaria than M. hispanica. No egg development occurred at 10 or 35°C. An increase in invasion of tomato roots by M. hispanica second-stage juveniles (J2s) was correlated with an increase in temperature on both tomato cultivars. Tomato cv. Rossol limited M. hispanica development at 20, 25 and 30°C, but not at 35°C, indicating that these high temperatures blocked the resistance mechanism provided by the Mi-1.2 gene. At 15°C, J2s penetrated tomato cv. Rossol roots, but failed to develop and establish feeding sites. On tomato cv. Easypeel, nematode development and reproduction occurred at 20, 25 and 30°C, but at 20°C the life cycle was 1AE5 and 2AE0 times longer than at 25 and 30°C, respectively. No egg production was observed at 15°C. The results of this study showed that M. hispanica is most suited to soil temperatures around 25°C. Predicted climate change might favour the spread of this nematode species into southern Europe and northwards. The thermal requirements for M. hispanica development are analysed and compared with those of M. arenaria, M. hapla, M. incognita and M. javanica.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal requirements for the embryonic development and life cycle of Meloidogyne hispanica

2012

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“…We have reduced or banned many of the toxic chemical nematicides even though the yield losses due to RKN are increasing. Moreover, the climatic changes have presented favourable conditions for RKN that are already spreading or are expected to spread throughout the Medditerranean countries (Strajnar et al, 2011;Castagnone-Sereno, 2012). In Slovenia, four species of RKN have been found since 2003: M. incognita, M. hapla, M. arenaria, andM.…”

Section: Conclusion: Many Challenges Aheadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tropic group of Meloidogyne spp. thrive in hot climates but can survive in temperate climate conditions also (Strajnar et al, 2011). Importing plants and seedlings infested with RKN from tropic to temperate climates promotes their spread, which is especially important in greenhouses where temperatures are suitable for RKN reproduction (reviewed in Wesemael et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introduction: Old Vs Modern Plant Pest Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.): Microbes against the Pests / BIOTIČNO ZATIRANJE OGORČIC KORENINSKIH ŠIŠK (Meloidogyne spp.): MIKROORGANIZMI PROTI ŠKODLJIVCEM

Lamovšek¹,

Urek²,

Trdan³

2013

Acta Agriculturae Slovenica

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Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are important pests of many cultivated plants. Recently, the most efficient chemical control products (e.g. methyl bromide) have now been restricted due to their toxic characteristics. Research on agents that work against root-knot nematodes and do not have a detrimental impact on the environment is becoming increasingly important. Advances in the last decades produced quite a number of biocontrol products that are already marketed. Some of the well-accepted commercial products contain bacteria Bacillus firmus and Pasteuria penetrans, and fungus Purpureocillium lilacinus. In this review we summarize the antagonistic activity of bacteria and fungi, with their advantages and limitations in biocontrol of root-knot nematodes.Key words: biological control, Meloidogyne spp., antagonisms, bacteria, fungi, commercial products IZVLEČEK BIOTIČNO ZATIRANJE OGORČIC KORENINSKIH ŠIŠK (Meloidogyne spp.): MIKROORGANIZMI PROTI ŠKODLJIVCEMOgorčice koreninskih šišk (Meloidogyne spp.) uvrščamo med pomembne škodljivce številnih kmetijskih rastlin. Najbolj učinkovita kemična sredstva za njihovo zatiranje so močno strupena, zato je njihova uporaba močno omejena ali celo prepovedana (npr. metil bromid). Razvoj na področju pripravkov za zatiranje ogorčic koreninskih šišk z okoljsko sprejemljivimi lastnostmi se povečuje. Napredek v zadnjih desetletjih je viden v večjem številu biotičnih pripravkov, mnogi med njimi se danes že tržijo. Aktivne snovi v uveljavljenih biotičnih sredstvih sta bakteriji Bacillus firmus in Pasteuria penetrans ter gliva Purpureocillium lilacinus. V članku je predstavljen pregled zaviralnih mehanizmov delovanja bakterij in gliv, prav tako omenjamo največje prednosti in slabosti njihove uporabe v biotičnem zatiranju ogorčic koreninskih šišk.Ključne besede: biotično varstvo rastlin, Meloidogyne spp., antagonizem, bakterije, glive, tržni pripravki

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“…In our study, Meloidogyne ethiopica was used because it is amongst the most important emerging RKN species (Hunt and Handoo 2009) and has a wide host range including monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants (Strajnar et al 2009(Strajnar et al , 2011. In addition, this species can represent a serious risk for agricultural production, especially in Southern Europe, because it was shown to be able to survive through the winter period in field, in subMediterranean and continental climate conditions (Strajnar et al 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, this species can represent a serious risk for agricultural production, especially in Southern Europe, because it was shown to be able to survive through the winter period in field, in subMediterranean and continental climate conditions (Strajnar et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Meloidogyne ethiopica parasitism on water management and physiological stress in tomato

et al. 2011

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Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are obligate endoparasites that severely damage the host root system. Nutrient and water uptake are substantially reduced in infested plants, resulting into altered physiological processes and reduced plant growth. The effect of nematode infestation on the morphological changes of roots and subsequent physiological plant responses of infested tomatoes with the RKN Meloidogyne ethiopica was studied in a pot experiment. Plants were infested with two inoculum densities (10 or 50 eggs per cm 3 substrate) and its effect was evaluated 74 and 102 days post inoculation (DPI). Morphological changes and root growth was determined by analysing scanned images of the whole root system. Nematode infestation reduced the portion of fine roots and increased that of coarse roots due to gall formation. Fine roots of non-infested control plants represented around 51% of the area of the whole root system at 74 and 102 DPI. In comparison to controls, plants inoculated with low and high nematode density had 2.1 and 3.2-times lower surface area of fine roots at 102 DPI. Root analyses revealed that plants had a very limited ability to mitigate the effects of the root-knot nematodes infestation by altering root growth. Root galls had a major influence on the hydraulic conductivity of the root system, which was significantly reduced. The low leaf water potential of infested plants coincided with decreased stomatal conductivity, transpiration and photosynthesis. The latter two were reduced by 60-70% when compared to non-infested control plants.

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Effect of Slovenian climatic conditions on the development and survival of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne ethiopica

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Thermal requirements for the embryonic development and life cycle of Meloidogyne hispanica

Thermal requirements for the embryonic development and life cycle of Meloidogyne hispanica

Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.): Microbes against the Pests / BIOTIČNO ZATIRANJE OGORČIC KORENINSKIH ŠIŠK (Meloidogyne spp.): MIKROORGANIZMI PROTI ŠKODLJIVCEM

Effect of Meloidogyne ethiopica parasitism on water management and physiological stress in tomato

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