Effect of SLM Build Parameters on the Compressive Properties of 304L Stainless Steel

Fashanu, Okanmisope; Buchely, Mario F.; Spratt, Myranda; Newkirk, Joseph William; Chandrashekhara, K.; Heath, Misak; Walker, Michael

doi:10.3390/jmmp3020043

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This microstructure behavior, along with the unique crystallographic grain orientation and crystallographic texture present in selective laser melting (SLM) material may have influenced the failure of the honeycombs (DebRoy et al , 2018; Kok et al , 2018). A thorough review of the compression properties of 304L after SLM processing was published by Fashanu et al (2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Build accuracy and compression properties of additively manufactured 304L honeycombs

Spratt

Anandan

Hussein

et al. 2020

RPJ

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the build quality and compression properties of thin-walled 304L honeycomb structures manufactured by selective laser melting. Four honeycomb wall thicknesses, from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, were built and analyzed. Design/methodology/approach The density of the honeycombs was changed by increasing the wall thickness of each sample. The honeycombs were tested under compression. Differences between the computer-assisted design model and the as-built structure were quantified by measuring physical dimensions. The microstructure was evaluated by optical microscopy, density measurements and microhardness. Findings The Vickers hardness of the honeycomb structures was 209 ± 14 at 50 g load. The compression ultimate and yield strength of the honeycomb material were shown to increase as the wall thickness of the honeycomb samples increased. The specific ultimate strength also increased with wall thickness, while the specific yield stress of the honeycomb remained stable at 42 ± 2.7 MPa/g/cm3. The specific ultimate strength minimized near 0.45 mm wall thickness at 82 ± 5 MPa/g/cm3 and increased to 134 ± 3 MPa/g/cm3 at 0.6 mm wall thickness. Originality/value This study highlights a single lightweight metal structure, the honeycomb, built by additive manufacturing (AM). The honeycomb is an interesting structure because it is a well-known building material in the lightweight structural composites field but is still considered a relatively complex geometric shape to fabricate. As shown here, AM techniques can be used to make complex geometric shapes with strong materials to increase the design flexibility of the lightweight structural component industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Build accuracy and compression properties of additively manufactured 304L honeycombs

Spratt

Anandan

Hussein

et al. 2020

RPJ

Self Cite

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“…The size of the powder particles ranged between 15 µm to 63 µm. The low carbon content of 304L stainless steel minimizes the need for solution annealing for selective laser melting (SLM) additively manufactured parts [20]. The 2D sketch illustration of the cross-section geometry of the honeycomb cell walls of both cores are shown in figure 2.…”

Section: The Corementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical study of increased core surface area on the performance of additively manufactured honeycomb sandwich structures

Fal,

Meinders,

Okanmisope

et al. 2024

Funct. Compos. Struct.

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Sandwich composite structures have an efficient structural design that provides high bending stiffness and strength at low weight. However, these structures are plagued with weak core-to-facesheet bond strength. In this work, the effect of increasing the contact area between the composite facesheet and honeycomb core was studied. Sandwich panels were manufactured using two different honeycomb structures, a regular and a modified honeycomb, and their respective bond strengths were evaluated using the flatwise tension test (ASTM C297). The honeycombs were additively manufactured using selective laser melting (SLM) process. The modified honeycomb was designed to have a larger surface area while retaining the same relative density as the regular honeycomb. The facesheets were made out of carbon-fiber, while the core was additively manufactured using 304L stainless steel powder. Impact specimens were manufactured and tested for impact resistance. A finite element model was created to study the integrity of the sandwich structures subjected to localized impact damage. The finite element model of the damage resistance due to impact showed a good agreement with the experimental results. Samples with increased contact area showed higher impact resistance. The average impact strength of the modified samples was 41.3% higher than the average impact strength of the regular samples. Flatwise tension results showed that by increasing the contact area between the core and the facesheet the core-to-facesheet bond strength increased.

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“…Figure 3 shows the schematic of a typical laser powder bed fusion machine. The powder chemical composition, powder characteristics, and machine process parameters that were used during this study were reported in [23]. The STL file for the gyroid and diamond structure was generated in MATLAB using equations (1) and ( 2), while the STL file for the honeycomb structure was designed using Siemens Nx commercial software.…”

Section: Design and Manufacturing Of Tpms Core Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical performance of sandwich composites with additively manufactured triply periodic minimal surface cellular structured core

Fashanu

Rangapuram

Abutunis

et al. 2021

Jnl of Sandwich Structures & Materials

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Sandwich composite structures are comprised of a low-density core (commonly honeycomb) and facesheets. They are typically used in applications that require lightweight for efficient design, such as in the marine and aerospace industries. This work investigates the feasibility of adopting triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) cellular structures as the core for sandwich composites. Sandwich structures were manufactured using a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) facesheet and three different 304 L stainless steel core structures (honeycomb, gyroid TPMS, and diamond TPMS). Three mechanical tests, namely edgewise compression, three-point bend, and impact test, were carried out to evaluate the performance of each sandwich configuration. The experimental results of the non-traditional sandwich configurations were compared against those of a honeycomb core sandwich composite. The edgewise compression test showed that the ultimate edgewise compressive strength increased by 7% when the honeycomb core was replaced by the gyroid core and reduced by 2% when the diamond core replaced the honeycomb core. The three-point bend test showed that the traditional honeycomb core sandwich configuration had a higher shear yield stress when compared to the non-traditional sandwich structures. The shear yield stress was reduced by 54% when non-traditional sandwich cores were used. The shear ultimate stress was reduced by 41% and 37% when the honeycomb core was replaced by the gyroid and diamond structure, respectively. Impact test results, on the other hand, showed that the peak force recorded during the impact event was reduced, while the absorbed energy was increased when non-traditional cores were used. Peak force was reduced by 28% and 39%, while the absorbed energy was increased by 9% and 16% when the honeycomb core was replaced by the gyroid and diamond cores, respectively.

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Effect of SLM Build Parameters on the Compressive Properties of 304L Stainless Steel

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Build accuracy and compression properties of additively manufactured 304L honeycombs

Build accuracy and compression properties of additively manufactured 304L honeycombs

Experimental and numerical study of increased core surface area on the performance of additively manufactured honeycomb sandwich structures

Mechanical performance of sandwich composites with additively manufactured triply periodic minimal surface cellular structured core

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