Effect of Size and Dose on The Biodistribution of Graphene Oxide in Mice

Liu, Jiahui; Yang, Shengnan; Wang, Haifang; Chang, Ya-Wen; Cao, Aoneng; Liu, Yuanfang

doi:10.2217/nnm.12.60

Cited by 190 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…125 Another study demonstrated that the functional aspects differed with size; larger GO particles of 1-5 μm and 110-500 nm accumulated in the lungs, whereas smaller particles were retained by the liver. 174 One study suggested that a 24-hour treatment with nanographene sheets led to accumulation in the reticuloendothelial system (RES) of tumor cells; however, no significant toxicity was observed. In contrast, graphene nanosheets induced pulmonary inflammation, thromboembolism, and immune responses in the lungs of C57BL/6 mice after intravenous administration of 1 mg/kg body weight.…”

Section: In Vivo Toxicity Of Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials

Gurunathan¹,

Kim²

2016

IJN

240

140

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Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal, and since its development it has been applied in many novel ways in both research and industry. Graphene possesses unique properties, and it has been used in many applications including sensors, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, transistors, components of high-strength machinery, and display screens in mobile devices. In the past decade, the biomedical applications of graphene have attracted much interest. Graphene has been reported to have antibacterial, antiplatelet, and anticancer activities. Several salient features of graphene make it a potential candidate for biological and biomedical applications. The synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene are fundamental issues that require thorough investigation in any kind of applications related to human welfare. Therefore, this review addresses the various methods available for the synthesis of graphene, with special reference to biological synthesis, and highlights the biological applications of graphene with a focus on cancer therapy, drug delivery, bio-imaging, and tissue engineering, together with a brief discussion of the challenges and future perspectives of graphene. We hope to provide a comprehensive review of the latest progress in research on graphene, from synthesis to applications.

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Section: In Vivo Toxicity Of Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials

Gurunathan¹,

Kim²

2016

IJN

240

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[9][10][11][12] To be specific, GO was prone to form complex with diverse proteins once in circulation and body fluid, and would mostly likely be trapped in the arteries and capillaries in the lung, which functioned as the first vascular bed for GO sheet localization. 10,13,54 Meanwhile, the microenvironment of pulmonary vasculature, such as endothelial caveolae 55 and distinct membrane proteins on the luminal surface of lung vascular endothelial cells, 56 may also be accountable for targeting of GO sheets. Through building up the MoS 2 /GO nanocomposites, GO was made the best to guide MoS 2 to accumulate in the lung, adding a favorable property to nanocomposites for selective lung targeting.…”

Section: Preferential Lung Accumulation Of Mos 2 /Go Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…administration), [9][10][11][12] being ascribed to the formation of GO-protein complexes that were readily caught by lung capillary vessels. [13][14][15] GO's selective localization in the lung distinguishes it from other types of nanomaterials (mostly in liver and spleen), 16,17 offering a 'guided missile' to target the lung. Nonetheless, many studies have shown that under certain conditions, GO is highly 1 toxic because of its reactive surface groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum disulfide/graphene oxide nanocomposites show favorable lung targeting and enhanced drug loading/tumor-killing efficacy with improved biocompatibility

et al. 2018

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Selective targeting plus optimal biocompatibility is still a big challenge in nanomedicine. Although many nanomaterials including graphene oxide (GO) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) have been tested for this purpose, these materials possess both favorable features and drawbacks, which hampers their further development. Herein, we prepared MoS 2 /GO nanocomposites that manifested excellent dispersity in aqueous solutions and revealed acceptable biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, MoS 2 /GO displayed a novel feature to selectively target the lung. In other words, MoS 2 /GO manifested a pronounced tendency of localization towards the lung comparable to GO, offering a 'guided missile' effect in targeting the lung. Furthermore, MoS 2 /GO composites possessed enhanced drug loading capacity together with reinforced tumor-killing efficacy against cancer cells that have the propensity to metastasize to the lung. Importantly, MoS 2 /GO composites remarkably repressed metastatic tumor growth of B16 murine melanoma cancer cells in lungs of mice. Mechanistically, MoS 2 /GO was demonstrated to reveal compromised reactions towards macrophages at the nano-bio interface relative to GO, which is accountable for the interaction and the uptake of nanosheets by macrophages associated with phagocytosis and macrophagic activation. Considered together, our findings established new MoS 2 /GO nanocomposites with multi-functionalities including selective lung targeting, favorable drug loading capacity, elevated tumor killing efficacy and improved biocompatibility. Our study opens an avenue for MoS 2 /GO nanocomposites in cancer nanotheranostics.

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“…27 The in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of GO in mice was also studied. 28,29 Very little is known about the cytotoxicity of GO and the antitumor effects of GO loaded with an anticancer drug on hematological tumor cells, and very few studies have assessed the cytotoxic potency of GO associated with cell apoptosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity of graphene oxide and graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin on human multiple myeloma cells

Zhao

Cui

et al. 2014

IJN

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of human multiple myeloma cells (RPMI-8226) treated with graphene oxide (GO), doxorubicin (DOX), and GO loaded with DOX (GO/DOX). Cell viability was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and analyzing the cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Cells treated with GO, GO/DOX, and pure DOX for 24 hours showed a decrease in proliferation. GO/DOX significantly inhibited cell proliferation as compared with pure DOX ( P <0.01). When the effects of GO were removed, there was no observed difference between GO/DOX and pure DOX ( P >0.05). Flow cytometry analysis of untreated and GO-, DOX-, and GO/DOX-treated cells found no significant differences in the G 0 /G 1 phase ( P >0.05), while significant differences were observed in the total apoptotic rates ( P <0.05). No significant differences existed in the total apoptotic rates of GO-treated and untreated cells ( P >0.05). These findings suggest that GO caused low cytotoxicity and did not induce cell apoptosis or change the cell cycle in multiple myeloma cells. Moreover, GO did not affect the antitumor activity of DOX. In conclusion, GO would be suitable as an anticancer drug nanocarrier and used to treat hematological malignancies.

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Effect of Size and Dose on The Biodistribution of Graphene Oxide in Mice

Abstract: The size and dose of GO affected its fate in vivo. For medical applications, small-sized GO with suitable funtionalization is recommended.

Cited by 190 publications

References 46 publications

Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials

Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials

Molybdenum disulfide/graphene oxide nanocomposites show favorable lung targeting and enhanced drug loading/tumor-killing efficacy with improved biocompatibility

Cytotoxicity of graphene oxide and graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin on human multiple myeloma cells

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