Effect of six tropical tanniferous plant extracts on larval exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus

Oliveira, Lorena Mayana Beserra de; Beviláqua, Cláudia Maria Leal; Macedo, Iara Térsia Freitas; Morais, Selene Maia de; Monteiro, Maurílio de Abreu; Campello, C.C.; Ribeiro, Wesley Lyeverton Correia; Batista, Emanuelle Karine Frota

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612011000200011

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Still extracts of acetone and water from the aerial components of L. leucocephala showed 90% larvicidal effectiveness against H. contortus (OLIVEIRA et al, 2011). This method extracted compounds of secondary metabolites, consisting primarily of condensed tannins and other phenolic compounds (CORK & KROCKENBERGER, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nematode Haemonchus contortus is considered the most important because of the extensive damage it has caused to livestock. Controlling these parasites consists primarily of using synthetic anthelmintics (OLIVEIRA et al, 2011), but inappropriate use of anthelmintics has led to an increase in resistant nematode strains . As such, certain plant compounds have been considered as an alternative for the control of these parasites (EGUALE et al, 2007;BUTTLE et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Native to Central America, Leucaena can be found in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world (LIM, 2012;NEHDI et al, 2014) and is often used as forage for livestock (PRASAD et al, 2011;PANDEY & KUMAR, 2013). Leucaena exhibits anthelmintic properties against both H. contortus (OLIVEIRA et al, 2011) and Trichostrongylus colubriformis (CUNHA et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthelmintic activity of Leucaena leucocephala protein extracts on Haemonchus contortus

Soares

Araújo

Lopes

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of protein extracts obtained from the plant Leucaena leucocephala on the nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus. The seeds, shell and cotyledon of L. leucocephala were separated and their proteins extracted using a sodium phosphate buffer, and named as TE (total seed extract), SE (shell extract) and CE (cotyledon extract). Soluble protein content, protease, protease inhibitory and chitinase activity assays were performed. Exsheathment inhibition of H. contortus larvae were performed at concentrations of 0.6 mg mL . The effective concentration for 50% hatching inhibition (EC 50 ) was estimated by probit. Different proportions of soluble proteins, protease and chitinase were found in TE and CE. Protease inhibitory activity was detected in all extracts. The EC 50 of the CE and TE extracts were 0.48 and 0.33 mg mL -1 , respectively. No ovicidal effects on H. contortus were detected in SE extracts, and none of the protein extracts demonstrated larvicidal effects on H. contortus. We therefore conclude that protein extracts of L. leucocephala had a detrimental effect on nematode eggs, which can be correlated with the high protease and chitinase activity of these extracts.Keywords: Plant proteins, protease, protease inhibitor, chitinase. ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade anti-helmíntica de extratos proteicos de leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) sobre Haemonchus contortus. As sementes, as cascas e os cotilédones foram moídos separadamente e as proteínas extraídas com tampão fosfato de sódio e denominados: TE (extrato total), SE (extrato casca) e CE (extrato cotilédone). O teor de proteínas, atividade proteolítica, inibitória de protease e quitinolítica dos extratos foram verificados, além da ação sobre a eclosão de ovos e desembainhamento larvar de H. contortus. A concentração efetiva para inibição de 50% da eclosão dos ovos (EC 50 ) foi calculada através do probit. Foi demonstrado que TE e CE possuem, em diferentes proporções, proteínas solúveis, protease e quitinase. Atividade inibitória de protease foi encontrada em todos os extratos. A EC 50 dos extratos CE e TE foram 0,48 e 0,33 mg de proteína mL -1 , respectivamente. O extrato SE não apresentou atividade sobre a eclosão dos ovos. Os extratos proteicos não apresentaram efeito larvicida sobre H. contortus. Conclui-se que a ação de extratos proteicos de L. leucocephala afetam negativamente a eclodibilidade dos ovos, correlacionando-se com a alta atividade de protease e quitinase dos extratos testados.Palavras-chaves: Proteínas vegetais, protease, inibidor de protease, quitinase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthelmintic activity of Leucaena leucocephala protein extracts on Haemonchus contortus

Soares

Araújo

Lopes

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…The incubation of eggs and larvae with plant extracts rich in tannins has produced positive results with regard to egg eclosion, and the mobility and exsheathment of larvae (BARRAU et al, 2005;BRUNET et al, 2007;FARAJ, 2010;OLIVEIRA et al, 2011a). A decrease in the parasitic load and number of eggs eliminated has also been described in sheep and goats when using tanniniferous plants (LANGE et al, 2006;HECKENDORN et al, 2007;MINHO et al, 2010;PARRA et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CTs are most commonly found in forest legumes, trees, and bushes (MIN; HART, 2003). Various species of plants and extracts have been studied to determine if they possess anthelminthic properties, particularly with regard to the action of CTs (OLIVEIRA et al, 2011a;SHALDERS et al, 2013), in an attempt to prove the direct and indirect effects of CTs on gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. The in vitro anthelminthic activity of CTs can be assessed at different stages of nematode development, with the effects recorded being reduction in eclosion, larval exsheathment, and motility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of condensed tannins on gastrointestinal nematode infestations in sheep (Ovis aries)

et al. 2014

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Infestations of gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes in sheep result in significant costs to farmers. These infestations are controlled using synthetic anthelmintic treatments, which can result in the development of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes. The use of plants rich in condensed tannins (CTs) is a promising alternative for controlling infestations of harmful parasites in sheep, and could allow reduction of the chemical products used. This study investigated the in vitro effect of CTs from Acacia mearnsii extract (AE) on egg hatching and motility of third-stage larvae. Egg-hatching rate was measured after incubation with extracts for 48 h at 27 °C. The egg hatch test was performed with dilutions of 0. 09, 0.19, 0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg mL -1 . Distilled water was used as the negative control. The corresponding egg hatching inhibition percentages were 22.3, 32.3, 39.2, 49.1, 56.7, 59.0, 62.3, 77.3, 92.7, 98.3, and 100%. The concentration required to inhibit egg hatching in 50% of eggs (LC 50 ) was 2.85 mg mL -1 . The inhibition achieved with the negative control was 7.06%. A larval migration inhibition test was carried out after incubation with the extracts for 48 h at 27 o C, with AE and distilled water used in dilutions of 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg mL -1 . The corresponding percentages of migration inhibition were 16.5, 37.0, 56.3, 79.4, 91.8, and 97.1%. The concentration required to inhibit migration of 50% of larvae (LC 50 ) was 12.45 mg mL -1 . The inhibition achieved with the negative control was 8.53%. The in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of CTs from AE indicate the anthelmintic effect of AE, suggesting the potential of CT extracts to be used as alternatives for controlling gastrointestinal nematode infestations in small ruminants. Key words: In vitro test, helminthes, tannins, phytotherapy, small ruminants ResumoO parasitismo gastrintestinal em ovinos acarreta inúmeros prejuízos aos produtores rurais. O controle é realizado basicamente através da administração de anti-helmínticos sintéticos o que estimula a seleção de parasitas resistentes. O uso de plantas ricas em taninos condensados (TC) apresenta-se como uma alternativa promissora no controle de helmintos em ovinos, reduzindo o uso de produtos químicos. Esse estudo avaliou o efeito in vitro dos TC provenientes da acácia (Acacia mearnsii) sobre a eclosão de ovos e a motilidade de larvas de terceiro estágio de nematódeos gastrintestinais de ovinos. A taxa de eclosão foi avaliada após incubação com o extrato por um período de 48 h a 27 o C. A eclodibilidade foi avaliada nas concentrações de 0,09; 0,19; 0,39; 0,78; 1,56; 3,12; 6,25; 12,5; 25; 50 e 100 mg mL -1 . No controle negativo utilizou-se água destilada. As inibições das eclosões foram 22,3; 32,3; 39,3; 49,1; 56,7; 59; 62,3; 77,3; 92,7; 98,3 . A ação ovicida e larvicida in vitro do tanino condensado do extrato de Acacia mearnsii encontrada no presente trabalho indica uma ação anti-helmíntica, apresentando potencial para sua apli...

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Heat shock, but not temperature, is a biological trigger for the exsheathment of third-stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus

et al. 2018

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Gastrointestinal parasites are an important health issue in grazing ruminants. Understanding the processes involved in the transition from the free living to the parasitic life stage of these nematodes is one avenue to identifying new targets amenable to future intervention. The transition to parasitism is initiated by exsheathment and is triggered by the sudden change in environment after ingestion of the infective larva by the host. Two major changes in environment are the increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO) levels. For CO a role in exsheathment has been described previously, but the exact role of temperature was unclear. The current study is the first to investigate the importance of temperature in triggering exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus. Carbon dioxide induced exsheathment in H. contortus proved to be temperature dependent, as no exsheathment was observed at room temperatures. However, the temperature requirement to trigger exsheathment was quite specific. A rapid change in temperature (heat shock) very efficiently induced high levels of exsheathment. In contrast, when the larvae were exposed to a slow increase in temperature, the exsheathment response was smaller and delayed. Further investigation revealed that timing of the heat shock in relation to the CO administration was crucial, as well as the final temperature and magnitude of the heat shock. In conclusion, these data indicate that heat shock rather than temperature itself is a crucial aspect in triggering the biological exsheathment cascade, and thus infection process, of H. contortus.

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Effect of six tropical tanniferous plant extracts on larval exsheathment of Haemonchus contortus

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Anthelmintic activity of Leucaena leucocephala protein extracts on Haemonchus contortus

Anthelmintic activity of Leucaena leucocephala protein extracts on Haemonchus contortus

In vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of condensed tannins on gastrointestinal nematode infestations in sheep (Ovis aries)

Heat shock, but not temperature, is a biological trigger for the exsheathment of third-stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus

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