Effect of six species of white-rot basidiomycetes on the chemical composition and rumen degradability of wheat straw.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate changes in in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), volatile fatty acids (VFA) production and cell-wall constituent degradation in wheat straw treated with six white-rot fungi: Daedalea quercina, Hericium clathroides, Phelinus laevigatus, lnonotus andersonii, lnonotus obliquus, and lnonotus dryophilus. The incubation of wheat straw for 30 days at 28°C improved IVDMD from 41.4 (control) to 59.2% for D. quercina, 56.3% for H. clathroides, 50.2% for P. laevigatus, 51.4% for 1L andersonii, 52% for 1L obliquus, and 55.9% for 1L dryophilus. In contrast, the growth of fungi was accompanied by the dry matter loss of wheat straw: 43% for D. quercina, 12% for H. clathroides, and 22-25% for the other fungi. It is evident that the increase in digestibility by D. quercina was not offset by a loss of dry matter. The total VFA production during the rumen fermentation of fungus-treated straw was slightly increased by H. clathroides and 1L dryophilus only. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were reduced in fungus-treated straw. Out of the three fractions (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin), hemicellulose and lignin showed the largest proportionate loss after inoculation with the fungi D. quercina, H. clathroides, P. laevigatus, and 1L obliquus. The other two fungi showed the largest proportionate loss in cellulose and hemicellulose contents. The results of this study suggest that the digestion enhancement of wheat straw colonized by white-rot fungi is regulated by complex factors including the degradation of structural carbohydrates and lignin.

Nutritive value index of treated wheat straw with Pleurotus fungi

“…An increasing of DMD of wheat straw fermented with Pleurotus fungi has been reported from 15 to 46% (Zadrazil, 1997). Beside the culturing conditions, the ability of various strains of white-rot fungi in cell wall degradation and digestibility improvement of straw may be different (Tripathi and Yadav, 1992;Jalc et al, 1997;Fazaeli et al, 2002).…”

“…The bio-conversion of straw is circumscribed to the group of white-rot fungi, which are capable to colonize on cereal straw and liberate water soluble substrates from the polymers during SSF and thus improve the digestibility (Zadrazil, 1997;Fazaeli et al, 2003). Among the edible white-rot fungi, the Pleurotus species have been shown to be more efficient (Zadrazil et al, 1996;Jalc et al, 1997;Taniguchi et al, 2005). The potential of Pleurotus fungi such as P. ostreatus and P. eryngii to reduce indigestible cell wall components and increase the dry mater digestibility (DMD) of straw has been reported (Singh et al, 1990;Fazaeli et al, 2004).…”

THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF SPENT CEREALS STRAW OF Pleurotus ostreatus

“…Nutritive value of cereals straw cultured with pleurotus fungi has been reported by some researcher (Dehanda et al,1996;Zadrazil,1997;Jalc et al .,1997 andfazaeli et al .,2004). Khorshed,(2000) reported that biological treatment (T.viridi,S.cerevisae or T.viridi+S.cerevisae)decreased significantly (P<0.05)DM,OM,CF and NFE(P<0.01) and increased the contant of ash and CP for wheat straw.He also found that NDF, cellulose and ADF contents decreased (P<0.01).…”

Effect of fungal treatment on composition, tannin levels, and digestibility of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) leaves.

“…The present findings like that of the effect of white rot fungi on the biodegradation of tannins in sericea lespedeza (Gamble et al, 1996) and the digestion enhancement of wheat straw (Jalc et al, 1997) are of a preliminary nature. Further work is warranted to explore the possibility of exploiting the detannification potential of this fungal strain for pilot and large-scale applications, coupled with isolating the strains of A. niger capable of preferentially degrading tannins with a minimum loss of dry matter and digestible material.…”