Effect of sintering temperature on functional properties of mullite-kaolinite and stainless steel composed hollow fibre membrane for oil-in-water emulsion separation

Recent progress and technical improvement strategies for mitigating ceramic membrane bottlenecks in water purification processes: A review

“…Mullite‐based kaolin has gained attention for ceramic membrane preparation due to its high Al 2 O 3 (39.1 wt.%) and SiO 2 (59.6 wt.%) contents and its superior properties, such as higher density, packing, thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability, low thermal expansion/conductivity, and resistance to thermal shock 5,6,10,82,83 . Several studies have shown the potential of mullite‐based membranes in various applications.…”

“…developed mullite‐based ball clay membranes for MF and MD processes, exhibiting high porosity (50.5%) and salt rejection (99.8%). In recent studies by Omar et al., 5,6 fabricated mullite‐based kaolinite HFMs supported by stainless steel (SS) alloy showcased remarkable mechanical strength with about 107 MPa and high oil–water separation rates of 96.9% and 99.05%. Further evaluations are necessary for diverse applications and purification processes.…”

“…Membrane technology has recently garnered significant attention and demand in various industries due to its excellent separation performance and continuous advancements in membrane module design, reducing overall costs 1,2 . It finds applications in industrial processes such as desalination, wastewater recovery, and water and wastewater treatment 3–6 . Compared to conventional separation and filtration techniques, membranes based on separation techniques are more robust, compact, and perform better.…”

“…Ceramic membranes could be an outstanding alternative to polymeric membrane counterparts because of their superior properties, such as high thermochemical stability, longer operating time, chemical inertness, and excellent resistance to harsh operating conditions, such as high temperatures, flow rates, pressures, and acidic environments 6,10,11 . Ceramic membranes have demonstrated promising outcomes and have been reported to outperform polymeric membranes in lab‐scale applications 10 .…”

“…The porous ceramic supports often break at the seal and membrane interface due to weak bonds between the fiber–matrix interface and the inherent brittleness of ceramic materials 5,10 . Therefore, ceramic membranes must possess strong mechanical properties to ensure their sustainability and effectiveness in separation/filtration processes 6 …”